EUCALYPTOLOGICS GIT Forestry Consulting EucalyptusEUCALYPTOLOGICS GIT Forestry Consulting EucalyptusWelcome to GIT Forestry Consulting's Blog, where theoretical and practical knowledge on Eucalyptus cultivation, be it at nursery stage, ornamental gardens or timber plantations, can be found. Plus good images. Find us too at www.git-forestry.com Articles
Eucalyptus and soil depletion: quite a bit of a myth
2007-07-25 04:45:00 One of the factors that have been used and abused for the demonisation of Eucalyptus trees is "their ability to deplete soils, so nothing can grow where eucalypts once grew". A myth very in the same line of the "nothing grows under gum trees" one. Pretty surely those propagating these ideas and those giving credit to the previous have never been to the natural habitat of these trees in Australia, whose rich agricultural and livestock production happens each day mainly on previously cleared land once covered with eucalypt forests. And quite possibly myth believers have never been into an eucalypt plantation either.What is sure is that Eucalyptus can perfectly be grown under sustainable forestry principles, and that knowing your soils and your plants before taking opinion is very important. Soil management under sustainability philosophies relies basically on the simple principle of "what you get out of it should come back". Return nutrients that you extract, or at least try to minim... More About: Myth , Eple
Eucalyptus and soil depletion: quite a bit of a myth
2007-07-25 04:45:00 One of the factors that have been used and abused for the demonisation of Eucalyptus trees is "their ability to deplete soils, so nothing can grow where eucalypts once grew". A myth very in the same line of the "nothing grows under gum trees" one. Pretty surely those propagating these ideas and those giving credit to the previous have never been to the natural habitat of these trees in Australia, whose rich agricultural and livestock production happens each day mainly on previously cleared land once covered with eucalypt forests. And quite possibly myth believers have never been into an eucalypt plantation either.What is sure is that Eucalyptus can perfectly be grown under sustainable forestry principles, and that knowing your soils and your plants before taking opinion is very important. Soil management under sustainability philosophies relies basically on the simple principle of "what you get out of it should come back". Return nutrients that you extract, or at least try to minim... More About: Myth , Eple
Ornamental Eucalyptus in standard containers: add an Australian touch to yo
2007-07-23 22:39:00 Here you have other three examples of cold hardy ornamental Eucalyptus. These gum trees are not, as we saw in a previous entry, destined to become specimen plants in big containers. These are for direct planting into convenient garden designs in USDA Zone 8. Some of these species would tolerate appropriate microclimates of USDA Zone 7 gardens too. (click image to enlarge)Cold tolerance: -15ºC to -20ºCMore information?(click image to enlarge)Cold tolerance: -3ºC to -8ºCMore information?(click image to enlarge)Cold tolerance: -8ºC to -12ºCMore information?Some types of Eucalypts can reach noticeable sizes in few years if planted out and not subject to size control by the adecuate interventions of pruning and/or pollarding, so our recommended post-planting management is highly dependant on your garden size, available free space and desired plant shape to match the desired combination with other plants or elements of your garden design.Please remember these operations do require... More About: Standard , Australian , Touch , Ornament , Amen
Ornamental Eucalyptus in standard containers: add an Australian touch to yo
2007-07-23 22:39:00 Here you have other three examples of cold hardy ornamental Eucalyptus. These gum trees are not, as we saw in a previous entry, destined to become specimen plants in big containers. These are for direct planting into convenient garden designs in USDA Zone 8. Some of these species would tolerate appropriate microclimates of USDA Zone 7 gardens too. (click image to enlarge)Cold tolerance: -15ºC to -20ºCMore information?(click image to enlarge)Cold tolerance: -3ºC to -8ºCMore information?(click image to enlarge)Cold tolerance: -8ºC to -12ºCMore information?Some types of Eucalypts can reach noticeable sizes in few years if planted out and not subject to size control by the adecuate interventions of pruning and/or pollarding, so our recommended post-planting management is highly dependant on your garden size, available free space and desired plant shape to match the desired combination with other plants or elements of your garden design.Please remember these operations do require... More About: Standard , Australian , Touch , Ornament , Amen
Ornamental Eucalyptus in Big Containers: Tamed Giants
2007-07-20 02:02:00 We have seen that certain Eucalyptus species can easily reach giant sizes in relatively short periods of time. With such a biodiversity within this plant genus (hundreds of species, subspecies, varieties and cultivars) giantism is luckily not always present for all types of gum trees. But a good deal of eucalypt knowledge worldwide has to do with their applications for timber production, and in such cases fast growth, good form and suitability to resist frost events by winter are some of the initial important considerations. However, for the urban gardener, especially if with limited space, alternative options need of some consideration.Here you have four examples of tamed cold hardy ornamental Eucalyptus achieving their final destination as plants in big containers, whose frost tolerance makes them suitable for cultivation outdoors in USDA Zone 8 gardens and favourable microclimates of USDA Zone 7 gardens. Some of these can reach giant sizes if planted out and not subject to size ... More About: Giants , Ornament , Amen
Ornamental Eucalyptus in Big Containers: Tamed Giants
2007-07-20 02:02:00 We have seen that certain Eucalyptus species can easily reach giant sizes in relatively short periods of time. With such a biodiversity within this plant genus (hundreds of species, subspecies, varieties and cultivars) giantism is luckily not always present for all types of gum trees. But a good deal of eucalypt knowledge worldwide has to do with their applications for timber production, and in such cases fast growth, good form and suitability to resist frost events by winter are some of the initial important considerations. However, for the urban gardener, especially if with limited space, alternative options need of some consideration.Here you have four examples of tamed cold hardy ornamental Eucalyptus achieving their final destination as plants in big containers, whose frost tolerance makes them suitable for cultivation outdoors in USDA Zone 8 gardens and favourable microclimates of USDA Zone 7 gardens. Some of these can reach giant sizes if planted out and not subject to size ... More About: Giants , Ornament , Amen
Eucalyptus: The Giants of Spain & Portugal
2007-07-11 18:19:00 By 1866 in the neighbourhood of Coimbra (Portugal ) the first cultivated forests of Eucalyptus in Iberia were established with the planting of thirty five thousand trees besides the Mondego river and at Mata de Choupal. It was an attempt to tame the stream and control devastating soil erosion caused by floods. Until then, the Australian trees were botanical rarities and relatively uncommon even as ornamental plants in public and private gardens. It was also a long time before they became a paramount timber crop for Northwestern Iberia, but this protective afforestation can be considered the beginning of such an era.In the neighbourhood of Coimbra stands today an eucalypt tree that witnessed those times and that has grown straight and tall from the bottom of a foggy deep gorge in search of light to become the tallest Eucalyptus in Europe. It is the Karri Knight, an Eucalyptus diversicolor from Western Australia.Fig 1: The giant Grandfather of Chavín (Spain ) and Karri Knight of Vale d... More About: Giants , The G
Eucalyptus: The Giants of Spain & Portugal
2007-07-11 18:19:00 By 1866 in the neighbourhood of Coimbra (Portugal ) the first cultivated forests of Eucalyptus in Iberia were established with the planting of thirty five thousand trees besides the Mondego river and at Mata de Choupal. It was an attempt to tame the stream and control devastating soil erosion caused by floods. Until then, the Australian trees were botanical rarities and relatively uncommon even as ornamental plants in public and private gardens. It was also a long time before they became a paramount timber crop for Northwestern Iberia, but this protective afforestation can be considered the beginning of such an era.In the neighbourhood of Coimbra stands today an eucalypt tree that witnessed those times and that has grown straight and tall from the bottom of a foggy deep gorge in search of light to become the tallest Eucalyptus in Europe. It is the Karri Knight, an Eucalyptus diversicolor from Western Australia.Fig 1: The giant Grandfather of Chavín (Spain ) and Karri Knight of Vale d... More About: Giants , The G
Eucalyptus: taking advantage of quick early growth
2007-07-06 15:14:00 Survival and early growth of an E. nitens plantation during its first 2 years after experiencing -10ºC in their first winterTimber belt of low-pruned Eucalyptus nitens and Pinus radiata in grazelands (left). Example of diameter growth and crown shape in E. nitens grown with low competence from neighbouring trees (right).Interesting LinksCold hardy Eucalyptus timber growing & harvestingAlternative silvicultural regimes: pruning & thinning© 2007 Gustavo Iglesias Trabado. Please contact us if you want to use all or part of this text and photography elsewhere. We like to share, but we do not like rudeness. More About: Growth , Quick , Early , Taking , Earl
Eucalyptus: taking advantage of quick early growth
2007-07-06 15:14:00 Survival and early growth of an E. nitens plantation during its first 2 years after experiencing -10ºC in their first winterTimber belt of low-pruned Eucalyptus nitens and Pinus radiata in grazelands (left). Example of diameter growth and crown shape in E. nitens grown with low competence from neighbouring trees (right).Interesting LinksCold hardy Eucalyptus timber growing & harvestingAlternative silvicultural regimes: pruning & thinning© 2007 Gustavo Iglesias Trabado. Please contact us if you want to use all or part of this text and photography elsewhere. We like to share, but we do not like rudeness. More About: Growth , Quick , Early , Taking , Earl
Natural Regeneration in Eucalyptus (5): surviving forestry fires.
2007-06-28 14:07:00 We have previously seen images of natural regeneration in E. delegatensis, E. obliqua, E. globulus, E. nitens, E. blakelyi, E. nicholii and E. gunnii in which regrowth was present from lignotuber or axillary buds after the removal af the aerial part of the trees. Today we will see one of the natural equivalents to coppice growth after timber harvest, which is vegetative regeneration after fire.Snow Gums regrowing after fire in the Victorian Alps (Australia)(Photo courtesy of Phil in Sydney's Blog "Eucalypts In Habitat")This response in different eucalypt species is the result of adaptation to changes in their natural Australian habitat during millenia, and particularly to different degrees of natural selection pressure caused by relatively frequent forestry fire events. After the loss of their aerial part by fire, only the most vigorous coppicer specimens become dominant trees and, if free from further fire damage in the short term, are able to produce flowers, cross pollinate and ... More About: Natural , Fires , Forestry , Natura , Ural
Natural Regeneration in Eucalyptus (5): surviving forestry fires.
2007-06-28 14:07:00 We have previously seen images of natural regeneration in E. delegatensis, E. obliqua, E. globulus, E. nitens, E. blakelyi, E. nicholii and E. gunnii in which regrowth was present from lignotuber or axillary buds after the removal af the aerial part of the trees. Today we will see one of the natural equivalents to coppice growth after timber harvest, which is vegetative regeneration after fire.Snow Gums regrowing after fire in the Victorian Alps (Australia)(Photo courtesy of Phil in Sydney's Blog "Eucalypts In Habitat")This response in different eucalypt species is the result of adaptation to changes in their natural Australian habitat during millenia, and particularly to different degrees of natural selection pressure caused by relatively frequent forestry fire events. After the loss of their aerial part by fire, only the most vigorous coppicer specimens become dominant trees and, if free from further fire damage in the short term, are able to produce flowers, cross pollinate and ... More About: Natural , Fires , Forestry , Natura , Ural
Planting Eucalyptus: roots are not the problem
2007-06-27 14:37:00 One of the controversial issues with Eucalyptus trees has to do with their root systems. Frequently exaggerated as a factor against their planting in gardens or urbanised areas as ornamental trees, menaces of doom to basements, pavements, drainages and other structures are widespread and even fantasy tales about their thirsty roots coming out of your kitchen tap are not that uncommon.Difficult to debunk this myth with some real facts without digging up a bit. And that is exactly what Dr. Hailu Zerfu in collaboration with the Institute of Forest Ecology of the University of Vienna did in the highlands of Ethiopia, which, as you may have guessed, it is also Eucalyptus country.Example of methodology to survey root spatial distribution and biomass and nutrient allocation in Eucalyptus fuelwood plantations established on deep heavy clay soils in Amhara (Ethiopia). Spatial distribution of Eucalyptus root systems: summary of resultsNo doubt, some eucalypt species that reach big tree sizes... More About: Problem , Roots , Planting
Planting Eucalyptus: roots are not the problem
2007-06-27 14:37:00 One of the controversial issues with Eucalyptus trees has to do with their root systems. Frequently exaggerated as a factor against their planting in gardens or urbanised areas as ornamental trees, menaces of doom to basements, pavements, drainages and other structures are widespread and even fantasy tales about their thirsty roots coming out of your kitchen tap are not that uncommon.Difficult to debunk this myth with some real facts without digging up a bit. And that is exactly what Dr. Hailu Zerfu in collaboration with the Institute of Forest Ecology of the University of Vienna did in the highlands of Ethiopia, which, as you may have guessed, it is also Eucalyptus country.Example of methodology to survey root spatial distribution and biomass and nutrient allocation in Eucalyptus fuelwood plantations established on deep heavy clay soils in Amhara (Ethiopia). Spatial distribution of Eucalyptus root systems: summary of resultsNo doubt, some eucalypt species that reach big tree sizes... More About: Problem , Roots , Planting
Eucalyptus timber: not just pulpwood
2007-06-20 13:19:00 Northern Spain, with a climate similar to Tasmania, shares also part of its landscapeSourcing with Northern Portugal the majority of all Eucalyptus timber produced in IberiaAnd the uses of Eucalyptus wood produced here are as diverse as the trees arePhotography of applied uses for Eucalyptus lumber courtesy of CIS-Madera(Centro de Innovación y Servicios Tecnológicos de la Madera de Galicia)Useful LinksEuroglobulus: Manual de la Madera de Eucalipto Blanco / Eucalyptus globulus Timber ManualNuevas aplicaciones de la madera de eucalipto / New industrial lines with eucalypt timber [PDF, in Spanish]Producción de Madera de Sierra de Alta Calidad con Eucalyptus globulus / Production of high quality Eucalyptus globulus lumber for sawmilling [PDF, in Spanish]Sistemas de Aserrado adecuados para Eucalyptus globulus Europeos afectados por tensiones de crecimiento / Saw-milling Systems for European Eucalyptus globulus affected by growth stresses [PDF, in Spanish]Una propuesta industrial de se... More About: Pulp
Eucalyptus timber: not just pulpwood
2007-06-20 13:19:00 Northern Spain, with a climate similar to Tasmania, shares also part of its landscapeSourcing with Northern Portugal the majority of all Eucalyptus timber produced in IberiaAnd the uses of Eucalyptus wood produced here are as diverse as the trees arePhotography of applied uses for Eucalyptus lumber courtesy of CIS-Madera(Centro de Innovación y Servicios Tecnológicos de la Madera de Galicia)Useful LinksEuroglobulus: Manual de la Madera de Eucalipto Blanco / Eucalyptus globulus Timber ManualNuevas aplicaciones de la madera de eucalipto / New industrial lines with eucalypt timber [PDF, in Spanish]Producción de Madera de Sierra de Alta Calidad con Eucalyptus globulus / Production of high quality Eucalyptus globulus lumber for sawmilling [PDF, in Spanish]Sistemas de Aserrado adecuados para Eucalyptus globulus Europeos afectados por tensiones de crecimiento / Saw-milling Systems for European Eucalyptus globulus affected by growth stresses [PDF, in Spanish]Una propuesta industrial de se... More About: Pulp
Eucalyptus, not just timber (II): ornamental foliage production
2007-06-19 12:08:00 One of the most striking aspects of genus Eucalyptus is their diversity. Sizes, shapes, colours, textures, fragrances. And multiple options for timber and non timber production, marketing and commercialization. Trees with bad press due to created interests, ignorance on their diversity frequently leads to firm opinion without solid basements.Examples of Eucalyptus species suitable for foliage production in Galicia Some years ago a certain Mr. Francisco Dans del Valle, forestry engineer, judged in 10 minutes a proposal for a Final Project from one of his college engineering students which involved identifying appropriate macro and microclimates for commercial cultivation of Eucalyptus trees able to yield annual non timber products under specially adapted forestry silvicultural regimes. Maybe judging on firm opinions based on limited data, the "impossible, so look for something else" veredict was not exactly very well received. Some years later, after trialling several dozen eucalyp... More About: Production , Timber , Ornament , Amen
Eucalyptus, not just timber (II): ornamental foliage production
2007-06-19 12:08:00 One of the most striking aspects of genus Eucalyptus is their diversity. Sizes, shapes, colours, textures, fragrances. And multiple options for timber and non timber production, marketing and commercialization. Trees with bad press due to created interests, ignorance on their diversity frequently leads to firm opinion without solid basements.Examples of Eucalyptus species suitable for foliage production in Galicia Some years ago a certain Mr. Francisco Dans del Valle, forestry engineer, judged in 10 minutes a proposal for a Final Project from one of his college engineering students which involved identifying appropriate macro and microclimates for commercial cultivation of Eucalyptus trees able to yield annual non timber products under specially adapted forestry silvicultural regimes. Maybe judging on firm opinions based on limited data, the "impossible, so look for something else" veredict was not exactly very well received. Some years later, after trialling several dozen eucalyp... More About: Production , Timber , Ornament , Amen
Eucalyptus species identification: bark is not always enough
2007-06-19 11:16:00 Eucalyptus species determination is not just a matter of botanical interest. It can be quite important for its implications in regard to the different genetic pools (be them species, subspecies, provenances, or races) in cultivation. Important issues as cold hardiness (tolerance to winter frosts), growth rates (timber productivity) and physical and chemical properties of wood (timber quality) can depend on this variability, and hence be subject of forestry engineering.Two types of Ash ("Fraxinus wood-like") Eucalyptus: Tasmanian OakTelling Eucalyptus species apart can be difficult or confusing if differentiation criteria are based on a limited amount of variables. Bark type and characteristics can be one of the criteria for species identification, and can be considerably useful sometimes because some species are so strikingly different nothing else is needed. The chances of using bark as "main criterium" are better for areas where eucalypts are introduced species, simply because th... More About: Identification , Always
Eucalyptus species identification: bark is not always enough
2007-06-19 11:16:00 By their fruits ye shall know themSmall tips on Eucalyptus Identification Gustavo Iglesias Trabado GIT Forestry Consulting - Consultoría y Servicios de Ingeniería Agroforestal - www.git-forestry.comEucalyptus species determination is not just a matter of botanical interest. It can be quite important for its implications in regard to the different genetic pools (be them species, subspecies, provenances, or races) in cultivation. Important issues as cold hardiness (tolerance to winter frosts), growth rates (timber productivity) and physical and chemical properties of wood (timber quality) can depend on this variability, and hence be subject of forestry engineering.Two types of Ash ("Fraxinus wood-like") Eucalyptus: Tasmanian OakTelling Eucalyptus species apart can be difficult or confusing if differentiation criteria are based on a limited amount of variables. Bark type and characteristics can be one of the criteria for species identification, and can be considerably useful som... More About: Always
Eucalyptus Bonsai: grow them indoors
2007-06-17 19:44:00 Many things are possible with Eucalyptus. From amazing giants planted out in forests and parks, to potted plants indoors. Cold hardy varieties can be grown in USDA zones 10 to 7, so it is all about good species choice, good seed choice, and good plant choice.Eucalyptus Bonsai Sculpted Eucalyptus© 2007 Gustavo Iglesias Trabado. Please contact us if you want to use all or part of this text and photography elsewhere. We like to share, but we do not like rudeness. More About: Grow
Eucalyptus Bonsai: grow them indoors
2007-06-17 19:44:00 Many things are possible with Eucalyptus. From amazing giants planted out in forests and parks, to potted plants indoors. Cold hardy varieties can be grown in USDA zones 10 to 7, so it is all about good species choice, good seed choice, and good plant choice.Eucalyptus Bonsai Sculpted Eucalyptus© 2007 Gustavo Iglesias Trabado. Please contact us if you want to use all or part of this text and photography elsewhere. We like to share, but we do not like rudeness. More About: Grow
Eucalyptus, not just timber: ecological restoration via phytoremediation
2007-06-15 15:34:00 Trees with bad press, frequently associated to ecological degradation, soil and/or water depletion or the already too wasted mantra "nothing grows under gum trees", Eucalyptus can be exactly the opposite. Today we see a case of phytoremediation.Terraces of an abandoned copper mine are progressively afforested with Eucalyptus- Their fast growing new vegetation cover will contribute to minimise soil erosion and lixiviation of hazardous heavy metals on aquifers or river systems by controlling direct rainfall impact effects on bare soils, and by retaining it with their root systems.- Their plasticity adapting to different site conditions allows them to grow on extremely recalcitrant soils for plant colonisation, overcoming extreme acidity and lack on nutrients with a proper preparation of the new planting area.- Their extreme efficiency producing biomass from limited resources allows a quick deposition of organic matter on denuded soils, creating new superficial horizons to substitute... More About: Restoration , Timber , Logical , Logi
Eucalyptus, not just timber: ecological restoration via phytoremediation
2007-06-15 15:34:00 Ecological restoration... by planting Eucalyptus(Ironías al darle la vuelta a la tortilla... verde) Gustavo Iglesias Trabado GIT Forestry Consulting - Consultoría y Servicios de Ingeniería Agroforestal - www.git-forestry.comEUCALYPTOLOGICSTrees with bad press, frequently associated to ecological degradation, soil and/or water depletion or the already too wasted mantra "nothing grows under gum trees", Eucalyptus can be exactly the opposite. Today we see a case of phytoremediation in which these trees are used in three different but complementary ways.1) Eucalyptus as fast growing pioneer species to cover denuded soilsFig. 1: Terraces of an abandoned copper mine are progressively afforested with Eucalyptus (in this case, E. globulus ssp. globulus)Their fast growing new vegetation cover will contribute to minimise soil erosion and lixiviation of hazardous heavy metals to aquifers or river systems by controlling direct rainfall impact effects on bare soils and by retaining it wi... More About: Restoration , Timber , Logical , Logi
Cold hardy Eucalyptus timber production in Galicia (NW Spain)
2007-06-11 00:02:00 COLD HARDY EUCALYPTUS TIMBER GROWING & HARVESTINGExample of Eucalyptus tree growth (1): DBH-80 in less than 20 yearsExample of Eucalyptus tree growth (2): DBH-20 in 6 years on a pulpwood silvicultural regimeCold temperate Eucalyptus pulpwood harvest operations in Galicia 1 - Basal logs: DBH-30 or bigger. Debarked on site and arranged on piles along a strip for easy operations of loading and extraction out of the forest.2- Harvest coupe: 9 year old planting of E. nitens at 500 m altitude on easily mechanisable tablelands.3- Tree felling: Chainsaw operator approaching the new target and assessing the best tree felling angle. Depending on logistics of harvest this operation can be performed by an independent worker (as in this case) or by the machine at 5.4- Typical tree: +20 meters high at a relatively high stocking (1100 trees/ha, could be less with no worries). 5 to 7 pulpwood logs per tree, 2 to 4 firewood logs per tree, 1 to 3 residual logs per tree.5- Log processing: 4 step se... More About: Spain , Production , Hardy
Cold hardy Eucalyptus timber production in Galicia (NW Spain)
2007-06-11 00:02:00 COLD HARDY EUCALYPTUS TIMBER GROWING & HARVESTINGExample of Eucalyptus tree growth (1): DBH-80 in less than 20 yearsExample of Eucalyptus tree growth (2): DBH-20 in 6 years on a pulpwood silvicultural regimeCold temperate Eucalyptus pulpwood harvest operations in Galicia 1 - Basal logs: DBH-30 or bigger. Debarked on site and arranged on piles along a strip for easy operations of loading and extraction out of the forest.2- Harvest coupe: 9 year old planting of E. nitens at 500 m altitude on easily mechanisable tablelands.3- Tree felling: Chainsaw operator approaching the new target and assessing the best tree felling angle. Depending on logistics of harvest this operation can be performed by an independent worker (as in this case) or by the machine at 5.4- Typical tree: +20 meters high at a relatively high stocking (1100 trees/ha, could be less with no worries). 5 to 7 pulpwood logs per tree, 2 to 4 firewood logs per tree, 1 to 3 residual logs per tree.5- Log processing: 4 step se... More About: Spain , Production , Hardy
Eucalyptus flowers: E. nitens & E. globulus in bloom. Bees and Eucalypt
2007-06-09 16:30:00 Phenology of E. globulus and E. nitens in Galicia (Northwestern Spain)We have already seen some previous example of eucalypts blooming. Today we will see some more!Examples of flower buds, blooms and infrutescences in Eucalyptus nitens growing in Galicia (NW Spain)Widely introduced into commercial scale plantings in Galicia as a frost hardy alternative to E. globulus of the inland tablelands and ranges, E. nitens most commonly appears at altitudes between 400 and 900 m, growing in a variety of soil types and site conditions.Its fast growth, small flower size (clusters around 1 cm), relatively delayed maturation age compared to other species and loss of basal branches when planted in timber stands can make spotting its blooms a difficult task without using binoculars. We have observed it blooming from late April well into July, but some variation in these phenologic ranges can happen every year depending on climatic tendences and some variation does occur also at different altitudes... More About: Flowers , Bees , Bloom
Natural regeneration in Eucalyptus (4): E. gunnii, E. nicholii & E. bla
2007-06-08 11:34:00 And yet more images on vegetative regeneration in Eucalyptus, in this case young potted plants experiencing a small coppice trial at nursery. As we had seen by now for planted out forestry species E. delegatensis, E. obliqua, E. globulus and some provenances of E. nitens, for these other forestry/ornamental species as E. blakelyi (Blakely's Red Gum, series Tereticornes), E. nicholii (Narrow Leaved Black Peppermint, section Maidenaria) and E. gunnii (Cider Gum, section Maidenaria too) natural regeneration from both lignotuber and axillary buds is frequent and vigorous.Totally unrelated, some historic/taxonomic notes on these species:- E. gunnii was named by W.J. Hooker honouring J.C. Gunn, two remarkable eucalypt botanists at Kew and Tasmania respectively in the late 19th century.- E. blakelyi was named by J.H. Maiden honouring W.F. Blakely, two of the most prominent eucalypt botanists in the early 20th century and authors respectively of the Critical Revision and A Key to Eucalyptu... More About: Natural , Natura , Ural
Eucalyptus in Morocco: gum trees in the arid lands
2007-06-07 23:59:00 LES EUCALYPTUS AU MAROC: BREVEMENT!Eucalyptus plantation near Guercif (Morocco ). Photo courtesy of Pierre-Arnaud Chouvy (Photogeography)Eucalyptus: Their place in Moroccan Forests4.8 million hectares of natural forests (5% of territory).- Quercus ilex (Chêne vert, Encina, Live Oak, 29%)- Saharian Acacia species (Acacias sahariens, 21%)- Argania speciosa (Arganier, Oil Tree, 18%)- Tetraclinis articulata (Thuya de Berberie, 11%)- Quercus suber (Chêne liège, Cork Oak, 8%)- Juniperus oxycedrus and others (Genévriers, Junipers, 5%)- Cedrus atlantica (Cèdre de l'Atlas, Atlas Cedar, 3%),- Other forest types (5%).0.5 million hectares of forestry plantations (less 1% of territory)- Conifers 47%- Eucalypts 40%- Broadleaved 13%Transplanting Eucalyptus at Sidi Amira clonal forestry nursery (Morocco). Photo courtesy of Haut Commissariat aux Eaux et Forêts et à la Lutte Contre la Désertification.0.2 million hectares of Eucalyptus plantations (less 0.25% of territory)- E. camaldulensis (... More About: Trees , Rees , Rocco
Eucalyptus flowers: the case of paired inflorescences
More articles from this author:2007-06-05 10:23:00 Observe any new growth in your eucalypts, where the smallish new leaves are starting to form. You can see there that near the base of a pair of leaves (if juvenile and sessile) or near the petiole of adult leaves, in the axil, new small branchlets that will become new branches are starting to develop.Examples of paired inflorescences in three Eucalyptus speciesThis new growth is happening from an axillary bud, near the location of a joint between a leaf and a branch. It normally becomes a new branchlet if it is a vegetative bud, which happens all along the life of the eucalypt, and it becomes an inflorescence if it is a reproductive bud, which happens when the plant reaches reproductive maturity.The issue is that this tissue that is dividing into new cells (hence growing) is not "unique". Buds can develop "more than once in the same axil". That is why you can have a new leaf first, and an inflorescence later, growing from the same axil, which is the most common case in Eucalyptus (n... More About: Flowers , Case , Flor 1, 2, 3 |
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