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Coping With Winter - A Guide For Those With Chronic Respiratory Conditions
2007-12-10 19:50:00
from the American Lung AssociationWinter often brings health problems not associated nearly so much with other times of the year. Conditions such as colds, flu, and other respiratory infections are much more prevalent during this time. The person with chronic respiratory conditions finds that he or she is more susceptible and has lowered resistance to these conditions.Effects of Cold AirWhen cold air is inhaled directly into the warm bronchi (breathing passages), spasm occurs. This causes shortness of breath and coughing. All too frequently, people with chronic respiratory conditions breathe through their mouth, preventing the warming and humidification of air which normally takes place in the nose. This presents an added burden to the heart and lungs.Lessen the Load*Use an air warming mask or scarf.*Walk more slowly.*Allow more time.*Stay out of the wind, if possible.*Use a cart for shopping.Humidity - the amount of moisture in the airEvery home needs added moisture in the winter. ...
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The COPD News
2007-12-08 22:54:00
COPD Support, Inc., edited by Joan CostelloVolume 7, Issue 52December 7, 2007Definition Of Prescription AbbreviationsA prescription, as is well known, is a physician's order for the preparation and administration of a drug or device for a patient. What may be less well known is that a prescription has several parts:The superscription (or heading) with the symbol R or Rx which stands for the word Recipe, meaning (in Latin) to take; The inscription which contains the names and quantities of the ingredients; The subscription or directions for compounding the drug; and The signature which is often preceded by the sign s. standing for signa, mark, giving the directions to be marked on the container. You may see some chickenscrawl marks on a prescription. For example, b.i.d. It means twice (two times) a day and is an abbreviation for "bis in die" which in Latin means, not too surprisingly, twice a day. It is one of a number of hallowed abbreviations of Latin terms that have been traditio...
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The Good News Is: HealthCentral.com’s New Stop Smoking Site Provides Expe
2007-12-06 20:04:00
ARLINGTON, VA — The HealthCentral Network, Inc. (www.HealthCentral.com) today announced the launch of Stop Smoking Connection.com, a website dedicated to helping smokers successfully quit. The site, found at www.HealthCentral.com/stop-smoking , provides expert advice, reliable medical information and a community support network that will aid smokers in their quest to overcome addiction. Former smoker and award-winning author Anne Mitchell will write a weekly blog for the site. Mitchell’s book, Give It Up! Stop smoking for life, was published in 2003. Mitchell is also trained as a facilitator for the American Cancer Society’s FreshStart stop-smoking program and will use her training and her struggle with smoking cessation to offer advice and support for the site’s community members. “The HealthCentral Network’s new Stop Smoking Connection is a rich combination of helpful information and meaningful support for people trying to quit smoking,” Mitchell said. “Having been a...
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What Five Cigarettes A Day Does To Your Arteries
2007-12-06 19:37:00
Many smokers feel that "cutting down" or being a "light smoker" will prevent them from suffering the often deadly consequences of smoking. Experts say that close to a third of all smokers smoke less than ten cigarettes a day. Research shows that these "light smokers" feel much less motivation to give it up.As Lion Shahab, a health psychologist at UCL puts it, smokers are good at perceiving a general risk to health but don't apply it to their own - with light smokers the most deluded of all. "It's the difference between looking at a virtual reality image of a tiger - you may be amazed but you won't run away - and being told the tiger is real, in which case your emotional response is to run. "Most smokers are good at seeing the virtual reality tiger but not the real one." But, as Professor Robert West, director of tobacco studies at UCL, points out, smoking is one area of consumption where moderation is not the answer. While the risk of lung cancer grows with the number of cigarett...
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The COPD Survival Manual - It Takes Your Breath Away - By Brian Webster
2007-12-05 16:25:00
A Thirty Year Survivors StoryCOPD can strike almost anytime, although in most it begins around the 60's. Patients might well have had COPD years before that but their signs might have been misdiagnosed . COPD signs mimic so many minor diseases(occasional shortness of breath, intermittent coughs, tiredness) that it is only when all meet together in a major way that they might be understood as COPD. My original Doctor was stuck on "Oh dear, Mr. Webster , you have another one of those nasty winter coughs I see." It was only when I went to a specialist that I discovered what it was - COPD.That is partially the reason for the book. I hope that a lot of people who hear about it may well ask for a fuller examination during thir annual check up. It takes a few minutes longer but may well extend your life. My Book "It Takes Your Breath Away" is really important to any Stage of COPD since it covers most of the information you need to survive. - Brian WebsterBrian's book, before now ava...
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The EFFORTS Newsletter - An Excellent Resource For COPD News and Informatio
2007-12-04 23:36:00
Archives available from January 2005 through the latest issue, just released, December 2007 This is definitely a Not To Be Missed newsletter. To view the December Issue, Click Here.To find links to archived newsletters Click Here.If you are not a member of EFFORTS and wish "Home delivery" of the Monthly News letter and periodic updates of EFFORTS various projects - Click JOIN HERE, complete the email and click send. Being a full member will give you automatic access to the Newsletter s. Join EFFORTS as a full member at http://www.emphysema.net
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From The New York Times - One Of Our Own Tells Her Story
2007-12-03 23:58:00
From Smoking Boom, a Major Killer of Women By DENISE GRADYPublished: November 29, 2007For Jean Rommes, the crisis came five years ago, on a Monday morning when she had planned to go to work but wound up in the hospital, barely able to breathe. She was 59, the president of a small company in Iowa. Although she had quit smoking a decade earlier, 30 years of cigarettes had taken their toll.A very comprehensive article - The research for this article was extensive, including interviews from patients Jean Rommes, Grace Koppel, Diane Williams Hymons and John Walsh. Also interviewed were Dr. James Crapo, Dr. Byron Thomashow, Dr. Neil Schachter, Pamela L. Moore and Dr. James Kiley.In addition to the article be sure to check the Times sidebar for further reading - Expert Q&AReaders' Questions About C.O.P.D.Dr. Byron Thomashow, medical director of the The Jo-Ann LeBuhn Center for Chest Disease and Respiratory Failure at Columbia University Medical Center, answered readers' questions about C...
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COPD Patients And Family Members, Let Your Voices Be Heard!
2007-11-30 20:48:00
Dear Friend,In 2004, the National Emphysema/COPD Association (NECA), previously known as the COPD Research Network, conducted the largest survey in the United States of persons with chronic lung disease, including chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and emphysema. The survey results provided valuable insights regarding the needs of the COPD community to physicians and other health care providers. We are now very excited to begin our follow up survey in conjunction with Innovative Health Solutions, Corp., a strategic healthcare analysis and research consulting firm.Below is a link to the NECA website where you will be able to access and take one of two surveys. One survey is for the person with COPD. The other survey is for the individual who cares about the person with COPD and provides valuable assistance to them (for example, a spouse, a child or other close relative). Your household may complete either or both surveys. Each survey should be completed ...
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Thursday Thirteen - The COPD Christmas Wish List
2007-11-29 20:52:00
Well, I've done the Thursday Thirteen on my Grammy blog and on my journal blog - it's time to wander over to where I really work and add a bit of thirteening here too.The Thursday Thirteen - Thirteen Gifts Your COPD Person Would Love For Christmas !This Christmas gift "wish list" was compiled last year with the help of the super members of the forum Sharing COPD InformationIt's certainly true that people with COPD are in most respects people just like you or me.(hey...wait a minute... "they" are me! And quite possibly you. Or someone you know.)We're still the same people we always were and the gifts that we've received in the past, we'll probably still enjoy now and in the future.But there are some changes that are unique to the COPD lifestyle. That's where this "wish list" comes in. If we could ask Santa to bring a few things, here's what they might be:1. an oximeter2. good books/movies, especially happy/humorous ones 3. comfortable walking shoes & insoles4. warm jacket with...
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COPD And Stress - More On A Less Stress Holiday Season
2007-11-28 20:26:00
This week's issue of the COPD International Newsletter brings Featured Articles - Energy-Saving Holiday TipsTIPS FOR ENJOYING HOLIDAYS WITHOUT GETTING BREATHLESSThe holidays are a special time of the year, however they can very stressful. There's so much to do - shop for gifts, put up decorations, put up and decorate a Christmas tree, attend Christmas parties and other events, wrap presents and visit family. The holidays are tough for even the healthiest people.When you have a lung disease, the holidays can wear your down, damper your holiday spirit and aggravate your lung disease. Here are a few tips to help you enjoy the holidays. See Tips:http://lungdiseases.about.com/od/gen eralinformation1/qt/holiday_tips.htmTAKE A DEEP BREATH AND RELAXStress can be hiding around every corner this season. Learn tips to relax so you can gracefully deal with life's curveballs. See Tips:http://www.aarp.org/health/staying_h ealthy/stress/a2003-03-11-takingtime.html THE HOLIDAYS: 12 TIPS FOR COPINGS...
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COPD And Stress / Not A Healthy Mix - How To Manage Holiday Stress
2007-11-27 23:13:00
The Best of Times,The Worst of Times,Often the Holiday s Aren't All They're Cracked Up To Be...Here are some articles to help you to enjoy your holidays more,Or at least to cope with the season a little more comfortably.This entry is one of the Holiday Pages on my website COPD And So Much More.Please plan to visit me there soon!Beating Holiday Stress From Web MD this article contains strategies and stress tips for successfully navigating the holiday tidesThe strategies?Strategy: Cut Yourself Some Slack-With four tips to show you howStrategy: Eat to stave off tension as well as hunger. Three tips for calmer, healthier eatingStrategy: Put whatever's stressing you in perspectiveWith three tips to help you change your outlookStrategy: Learn how to have more fun with less stuff! Three final tipsGreat article!from Dr. Phil-Making the Holidays More EnjoyableFind out how to bring a little sanity into your holidays.The American Psychological Association has this articleCoping with Holiday S...
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Alone For The Holidays?
2007-11-26 18:20:00
Back from a Thanksgiving Holiday, time spent with my husband and with my family, I am very aware of just how lucky I am. This was a wonderful holiday. I have had many wonderful holidays. Some of those wonderful holidays I spent alone. Happily alone.Below is an article I wrote last year for the Holiday Pages on my website COPD And So Much More. If you are facing the holidays alone this year, I hope it will be a help to you.Alone for the Holidays Seasonal hype leads us to believe that the only way to achieve holiday happiness is by spending time with family and loved ones. Facing the holidays alone can sometimes make people feel sad and lonesome.-and please don't think that this is some sort of Susy Sunshine article written by someone who always has a houseful for the holidays, but who is still going to give you advice on how to put on a happy face.I am very, very blessed in my life now,I do have family with me, I even have a child to share Christmas morning with.But that has not alw...
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10 Thanksgiving Quotes to Celebrate The True Meaning of Thanksgiving
2007-11-22 14:43:00
by Noel Jameson Ready for some Thanksgiving quotes? I don't mean the "I'm thankful for my Nintendo Wii" or the "I'm thankful for my new car" quotes that we hear all too often lately. I mean some real Thanksgiving quotes that remind us of what we really have to be thankful for. Here are 10 Thanksgiving quotes to celebrate and ponder. 1. "The Pilgrims made seven times more graves than huts. No Americans have been more impoverished than these who, nevertheless, set aside a day of thanksgiving." ~ H.U. Westermayer 2. "Thanksgiving Day comes, by statute, once a year; to the honest man it comes as frequently as the heart of gratitude will allow." ~ Edward Sandford Martin 3. "There is one day that is ours. There is one day when all we Americans who are not self-made go back to the old home to eat saleratus biscuits and marvel how much nearer to the porch the old pump looks than it used to. Thanksgiving Day is the one day that is purely American." ~ O. Henry 4. "You say, 'If I had a lit...
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Phil's Advice For A Happy Holiday Meal
2007-11-16 20:22:00
Happy Thanksgiving to all!,I am going to repost my eating blurb for the newer folk. The rest of you wonderful people remember that it takes a lot of O2 to digest your food, so please do not lie down right after supper as our breathing rate slows down when we sleep and it's harder to get O2 in and CO2 out when we sleep. I hate to break the ladies' hearts, but you should leave the dishes for a few hours, until your meal is digested. "Like a number of COPD’ers, I have always had a problem when it came to eating. I could never eat too much for two reasons. One, I would become winded and the other, I would always have that feeling of having a tennis ball stuck in my solar plexus if I ate too much. It was not very often that I was able to complete my meal. I would then have an uncomfortable sensation in my chest for hours. It would take 4-6 hours for the unpleasantness in my chest to disappear. I could not eat a meal without stopping and trying to regain my breath or stop eating altog...
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COPD And Sleep
2007-11-15 19:42:00
With COPD, there are lots of things that can make it difficult for your to get a good night's sleep. These include having to sleep sitting up or taking medications that either "rev you up" or cause you to have to use the bathroom frequently during the night. Emotional changes, such as depression and anxiety, can also impair your sleep. Most of the sleep problems related to COPD can be helped, so it's a good idea to discuss your sleep problems with your doctor.Here are some questions to think about:*How would you describe your usual night's sleep - number of hours, overall quality?*Do you have trouble falling asleep when you first go to bed?*Do you wake up during the night? If so, what wakes you up and are you able to easily fall back to sleep?*Do you wake up too early in the morning? How long have you had difficulty sleeping?What do you think caused the problem?*What have you tried to improve your sleep?While your doctor may prescribe medication to help you sleep, there are steps...
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World COPD Day - November 14, 2007
2007-11-15 00:32:00
BREATHLESS NOT HELPLESSWorld COPD Day 2007 held this year on November 14. The event is organized by GOLD (the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease,www.goldcopd.org), with further support from the International COPD Coalition(ICC, www.internationalcopd.org), and the World Organization of Family Doctors(WONCA). It represents a partnership between health care groups and respiratory educators to raise awareness about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).COPD is a highly prevalent disease, has a large impact on quality of life forpatients and their families, and kills millions of people worldwide. The earlystages of COPD are often unrecognized, but it is very easy to determine whether a person is at risk. If COPD is detected early, treatments are available to prevent further deterioration of lung function.The theme of this year’s World COPD Day is “Breathless not Helpless.” The theme was chosen to emphasize that breathlessness and other symptoms of COPD ar...

Medications Commonly Used To Treat COPD
2007-11-13 20:17:00
by Cecil Montgomery at COPD Survivors SupportGeneral Information:It is important to know that every medicine has two names -- a generic name and a brand name. The generic name is the scientific name of the drug. The brand name is the name that a specific company uses when it makes that drug.As an example, look at a common headache medicine. Many people use acetaminophen for a headache. Acetaminophen is the generic name of the drug. The brand names include Anacin Aspirin Free, Bayer Select Headache, Panadol Maximum Strength, and Tylenol.When your doctor prescribes a new medicine for you, you should review all of themedicines you take ­- both prescribed and over the counter -- with your doctor. Everytime you go to the doctor, take a list of all of your medicines with you, including inhalers and OTC meds. If your doctor changes your medicines and you start to feel any adverse side effects, call your doctor at once.Bronchodilators:Bronchodilators relax and open your airways to increase...
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The Effects Of COPD And The Medications Used To Treat It
2007-11-12 18:01:00
In addition to physical symptoms, COPD can cause a variety of problems with both your thinking and your emotions. When your breathing suddenly becomes more difficult, your brain may get too little oxygen or too much carbon dioxide (the "waste" gas that is expelled by the lungs). If these conditions last for an extended period of time, your brain can get "sick" or actually be damaged, decreasing your ability to problem solve and remember. Other illnesses that frequently occur along with COPD, such as an infection, can add to the confusion and memory loss and make it difficult to pay attention.The medications that you take for your COPD can also cause problems. Oral steroids - most commonly Prednisone - can cause all sorts of learning, memory and emotional problems. They can make you nervous, depressed, or more sensitive and irritable than usual. Some common antibiotics used in COPD can do the same things. When these side effects happen, it can be tempting to want to stop the medicati...
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COPD Awareness Month - An Editorial From Cecil Montgomery
2007-11-10 04:02:00
This is COPD Aware ness Mont h . It is scheduled for Nov of every year. World COPD Awareness Day is 14 Nov, 2007. This is a world wide effort to recognize COPD for what it is and assist in raising awareness of its low rating in research and development world wide. COPD is the fourth largest killer in the US and the world. It is expected to be number three by 2015. Very few people who don't have this disease have any idea how debilitating it can be. Our symptoms are not so distinguishable to other people and sometimes to ourselves until we have developed into the later stages. This is the month that we should be making these points known and advertising the lack of resources and prevention. I am fully aware that most people, like myself, are not especially crazy about drawing attention to ourselves and publicizing our problems. This can be done in other ways such as writing a letter to the local newspaper for the letter to the editor section. Notify your local Drs offices and clinics, ...
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Your Life With COPD - Accepting Help
2007-11-08 20:35:00
With COPD you may feel less able to do many of the tasks that you have always done for yourself. This can lead to a feeling that you're not "pulling your weight."People vary in the amount of support they need at different times, and they vary in their ability to accept help. It's important to recognize that, even if it is only from your doctor, you do need help. Finding and accepting that help is an important part of caring for yourself. You may want to take some time to think about accepting help.* Is there someone who's been trying to help that you've turned down?* What makes it hard for you to ask for or accept help from others?* Can you think of other sources of support you haven't utilized? How about support groups? Extended family? Religious community?Finding and accepting help is an important part of taking good care of yourself.While you may be the one with COPD, everyone who loves you also suffers from the illness. They suffer because they hate to see you uncomfortable...
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Your Life With COPD - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
2007-11-07 21:49:00
Millions of people in the United States have COPD, but it impacts different people in different ways. Your COPD won't be the same as another person's COPD.There are many things you can do to live a healthy and happy life with COPD. COPD is an illness that can challenge patients and their families across all aspects of life. However, you can find healthy, constructive responses to meet those changes. Your doctor can help with many of these. Understanding how the disease can impact your life, and what you can do to prevent or fix problems that come up, can help you to take charge of your COPD and live the life you want to live.Now that you know that you will be living the rest of your life with COPD, take some time to think about your goals.Would you like to be more active?Would you like to learn more about COPD?Would you like to be less short of breath?Would you like to be in a better mood?These are all common goals for people with COPD. What are your goals?You can take charge of y...
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Understanding Emphysema And Chronic Bronchitis
2007-11-06 23:16:00
An Educational Health Series From National Jewish Medical And Research CenterWhat is COPD?COPD stands for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Chronic means long term. Obstructive means there is blockage in the lungs. Pulmonary is a term for lungs.COPD can mean many diseases. Emphysema, chronic bronchitis and asthma are all forms of chronic obstructive lung disease. Millions of people in the United States have COPD.Smoking is the most common cause of COPD. Smoking damages the airways in the lungs. In chronic bronchitis, the swollen airways are blocked with extra mucus. In emphysema, the air sacs are damaged and trap air. When the air sac damage is very bad, less oxygen moves from the lungs into the blood.Because of these conditions, people with COPD have a hard time breathing. Symptoms of COPD are shortness of breath with activity, coughing up mucus from the lungs and, sometimes, wheezing.Breathing tests are the only way to diagnose COPD in the early stages.Do You Have COPD?COPD C...
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This Week's COPD News With Joan Costello
2007-11-02 13:23:00
Excerpts from this Friday's newsletter from the COPD Support Family Of Support ProgramsRead the newsletter in it's entirety on the website by clicking Here.Volume 7, Issue 47November 2, 2007THE FRUSTRATION OF COMPROMISE AND CHRONIC PAINby Sue Falkner Wood: You know those salmon we have here in the Northwest? You’ve heard the stories about how they travel upstream to spawn. They are determined little suckers, and it is their natural instincts to do what they do. They will beat themselves silly just to achieve their goal. As humans, we are often just as determined in the way we live our lives. We are sometimes driven by instinct, usually by our upbringing, often by our goals and plans for life.I have always been one such individual. The words stubbornness, determination and drive come to mind. That’s exactly why it was so disturbing for me when my body stopped cooperating with my mind, my ambition and my dreams. Seems to me it’s the ultimate betrayal - my own body!http://blog....
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A Long Weekend Away...
2007-10-07 02:43:00
We are taking a trip to the shore this weekend - I won't be here again until Wednesday of next week, 10/10.Have a good weekend and Breathe Easy.Karen
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COPD Athletes
2007-10-05 00:41:00
A fellow COPDer, Roxlyn Cole, sent the link to a most inspiring website belonging to a friend of hers.Roxlyn's note:Folks with an asthma component of COPD might like to check out this walking friend of mine...on-line friend that is - The Bay City Walker Next week he and my friend from Denver, Mike McBride will meet in Portland to try the Portland Marathon. Mike will be pulling his 4 high flow tanks of oxygen on his carte...Steve had severe lung problems but isn't yet on supplemental oxygen. They both have true grit!Steve is an RT...so understands his disease. All of us say, you do not have to attempt a huge goal...just try to do a little bit more moving -any which way you can-a minute more a week adds up over a year to 52 minutes of getting stronger. When you're done there, please visit Roxlyn's blog. She's pretty amazing herself!
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Adopt The Sky - Sign The Petition For Cleaner Air
2007-10-04 00:34:00
The EPA recently proposed new ozone levels for our air. But it didn't listen to doctors and scientists calling for much stronger limits. And now polluters are lobbying for even weaker standards.Make your voice heard. Adopt a square mile of sky and sign the petition for cleaner air now. It's Free.Where will your square mile be? Click to begin...www.adoptthesky.org
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From Science Daily - Teens Who Feel Relaxed After First Cigarette More Like
2007-10-03 00:12:00
Adolescents who felt relaxed when first exposed to nicotine from a cigarette were more likely to get hooked, new study showsFollowing up on studies that have indicated the speed with which adolescents can get hooked on cigarettes, researchers at the University of Massachusetts Medical School have conducted the first study to determine why some adolescents who try smoking get addicted while others do not. "We know that nicotine can have an immediate impact on the brain, and yet we also know that not every adolescent who tries a cigarette gets hooked," said the study's lead author, Joseph R. DiFranza, MD, professor of family medicine & community health at UMMS. "We wanted to know what accounts for the difference in vulnerability among adolescents who pick up that first cigarette." While personality factors often determine which young people will try smoking, it appears that it is the manner in which the brain reacts to nicotine, rather than personality, that is most important to dete...
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Increasing The Federal Cigarette Tax Is A Win-Win For Children's Health
2007-10-01 19:21:00
Starting the week with some Very Good News!House and Senate Approve Bill to Increase Federal Cigarette TaxOn September 27 and September 25 respectively, the U.S. Senate and U.S. House of Representatives approved legislation (67-29 in the Senate and 265-159 in the House), that would increase the federal cigarette tax by 61 cents to $1.00 per pack, and increase the taxes on other tobacco products as well. The revenue from the increase would be used to fund an expansion of the State Children’s Heal th Insurance Program, known as SCHIP, which provides health insurance for lower income children whose parents do not qualify for Medicaid. the rest of the story, unfortunately, falls into the "what Are you Thinking???" news categoryThe bill now moves on to President Bush who has said he intends to veto the legislation. Folks, let's all keep our eyes on the outcome of this one and be ready to jot it down in your notebook under the "Things To Remember At The Next Election" category.related...

The COPD Survivor
2007-09-28 19:44:00
Another great Friday newsletter from Cecil MontgomeryBlood pressure and hypertension are one of the major problems that we have always had with lung disease.This drug is showing very strong potential to become a fast acting relief of that problem. It is now in phase 1 trials so it will be a while before we see it. It is good information but more importantly we are now beginning to see progress directed in our particular area.Angiotensin II Response with First-In-Class PS433540(DARA)Results Demonstrate DARA's Potential as Treatment for HypertensionSeptember 27, 2007: 07:30 AM ESTPRINCETON, N.J., Sept. 27 /PRNewswire-FirstCall/ --Pharmacopeia , an innovator in the discovery and development of novel small molecule therapeutics,today announced confirmation of the ability of PS433540 (DARA) to block the angiotensin II (AII) response in a Phase 1 trial in healthy volunteers.Numerous similar studies with other agents that block the renin-angiotensin system support that this result is a st...
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More Than 5 Million Children Alive Today Will Die Prematurely From Smoking-
2007-09-27 16:53:00
Tobacco's Toll: 306,839 kids have become regular smokers in 2007. 98,174 will die prematurely from their addiction.Almost 90 percent of all regular smokers begin smoking at or before age 18, and hardly anybody tries their first cigarette outside of childhood. In other words, if kids stopped smoking, the cigarette companies' market of smokers would shrink away to almost nothing. But thanks, in large part, to cigarette company marketing efforts, each day about 4,000 kids try smoking for the first time, and another 1,000 kids become regular daily smokers."From the 1950s to the present, different defendants, at different times and using different methods, have intentionally marketed to young people under the age of twenty-one in order to recruit ‘replacement smokers’ to ensure the economic future of the tobacco industry." U.S. District Court Judge Gladys Kessler Final Opinion, United States v. Philip MorrisThe major cigarette companies, alone, now spend about $13.1 billion per yea...
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