Recurrent Depression

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Depression is Early Symptom of Parkinson?s
1970-01-01 00:59:00
The association between depression and a bevy of health related issues expands as new research suggests depression may be an early sign of Parkinson ?s. In the new study, scheduled to be presented at the American Academy of Neurology?s 59th Annual Meeting, scientists looked at whether people who are taking antidepressant medications are more likely to develop Parkinson?s disease than people who are not taking the medication.
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Other problems post-trauma: Treatment of victims of trauma
1970-01-01 00:59:00
It cannot be overemphasised that PTSD is not the only problem that survivors of trauma face. ?Pure? PTSD after trauma is comparatively rare and comorbidity is the norm. Full-blown PTSD is also relatively uncommon and partial PTSD (Stein et al, 1997), in which there are fewer than the required number of DSM?IV avoidance phenomena or hyperarousal phenomena, might be more likely, particularly in a chronic form. Comorbid Axis I disorders Depression is the most common co-diagnosis and might be the most common disorder post-trauma. Other psychiatric illnesses post-trauma include anxiety disorders, such as panic disorder or phobic disorders, and substance misuse.
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Nutrabiosys Corp. Signs Agreement to Market and Distribute All Natural Anti
1970-01-01 00:59:00
Nutrabiosys Inc. (OTC Pink Sheets: NTBS)?has completed an agreement to market, distribute and promote an all natural antidepressant alternative to prescription drugs such as Paxil, Prozac and Zoloft. The agreement was negotiated with a well known Neutraceutical Health Company that Nutrabiosys has developed an ongoing business relationship with.
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Depression: To help, talk about it
1970-01-01 00:59:00
The tragic suicide of Deborah Thomas, the 33-year-old pregnant woman from Atlantic Beach who recently took her life and that of her baby even as she was being treated for a mental illness, will have a positive side if her husband and family are successful in publicizing the depression that they believe ultimately killed her. One reason Thomas? story became big news is that we like to think of pregnancy as a joyous time. But for too many women, that?s a myth. Extreme mood disorders, known as postpartum depression, can set in during pregnancy, and shortly after birth as well, and last for a year or longer.
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One in five people suffer from mood disorders, but less than half
1970-01-01 00:59:00
One in five people suffer from mood disorders, but less than half present themselves for treatment If mental illness is a taboo, post-partum depression is a greater taboo, says singer-songwriter Amy Sky. ?It is embarrassing for a radiant mother to be depressed,? says Sky, who suffered from post-partum depression after the birth of her two children, now teenagers.
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Yoga For Depression
1970-01-01 00:59:00
Researchers have discovered practicing yoga may increase brain substances that when low, are linked to disorders including depression and anxiety. Currently, pharmaceutical treatment of mood disorders elevates the level of neurotransmitters called gamma-aminobutyric (GABA). The findings, which appear in the May issue of the Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, suggest that the practice of yoga be explored as a possible treatment for depression and anxiety, disorders associated with low GABA levels.
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Treatments in child and adolescent bipolar disorders
1970-01-01 00:59:00
The existence of bipolar disorder in adolescents is now clearly established. However, whether bipolarity exists in children is more controversial. We reviewed the literature on acute and prophylactic treatment of bipolar disorder in youths. The guidelines for the treatment of bipolar disorder in children and adolescents are generally similar to those applied in adult practice.
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Tamoxifen Treatment and New-Onset Depression in Breast Cancer Patients
1970-01-01 00:59:00
Lee K.C., et al. - The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study of female patients diagnosed with breast cancer (BRCA), evaluating the risk of new-onset depression associated with tamoxifen treatment among those with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) tumors, versus estrogen receptor-negative (ER?) tumors, who were not receiving tamoxifen?
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Suicides increased after antidepressant warning: Manitoba researcher
1970-01-01 00:59:00
Youth suicides increased after Health Canada warned about the use of antidepressants, a University of Manitoba researcher has found. Health Canada issued a notice in 2004 that antidepressant drugs were linked to increased rates of suicidal thoughts in children and teens. It advised patients under the age of 18 who were being treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or serotonin noradrenalin reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) to consult their physicians. A similar warning was issued around the same time in the U.S.
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Marijuana Use Among MS Patients Raises Risk for Cognitive, Mood Problems
1970-01-01 00:59:00
Multiple sclerosis patients who smoke marijuana in search of symptom relief are more likely to suffer cognitive shortfalls and mood disorders, new Canadian research suggests. A slowing down in the ability to process and remember information is one significant side effect, as is a rise in the rate of depression and anxiety.
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Psychopathology and pathophysiology of PTSD
1970-01-01 00:59:00
Category definition has implications for treatment. Most treatment for PTSD is currently based on symptoms. The pathophysiology of the disorder remains relatively unclear, with research suggesting the involvement of the HPA axis, central monoamine regulation and endogenous opioids. The higher level of cortisol after a trauma might be protective against PTSD, a finding which may shed light on the observed gender disparity (Lamprecht & Sack, 2002). Activation of the HPA axis during acute stress is an adaptive response, but prolonged elevated glucocorticoid concentrations might lead to neuronal degeneration in areas with high densities of corticoid receptors such as the hippocampus. This might be responsible for the reduced hippocampal volume found in people with PTSD (Hull, 2002). The underactivity of the HPA axis which is observed after exposure to chronic stress might increase vulnerability when facing future trauma. In addition to the neurophysiological disturbances exhibite...
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Child psychiatry and the law: when assessment threatens treatment
1970-01-01 00:59:00
On 24 November 2005, the Lords of Appeal overturned previous childcare case law, effectively reinstating the distinction between the medical or psychiatric assessment and the treatment of a child. They upheld that the purpose of section 38 (6) of the Child ren Act 1989 was to grant an assessment of the child under an interim care order and that the power of the court to order local authorities to fund either the treatment of the child or parents in their parenting, did not fall within the remit of that section. Is this merely a nuance of the law, with little relevance to current practice of child psychiatry? Unfortunately, the answer is no. Whereas medical treatments neatly fall within the provision of the National Health Service, psychosocial treatments do not. The complex array of problems that a struggling family faces blurs the boundary between psychiatric and social care. Often such problems can only be adequately tackled through specialist centres, and obviously such centres ...
More About: Treatment , Psychiatry , Assessment , The Law

Defining ADHD: What Parents Need to Know
1970-01-01 00:59:00
The United States Department of Education states that Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has ?many faces and remains one of the most talked-about and controversial subjects in education. Hanging in the balance of heated debates over medication, diagnostic methods, and treatment options are children, adolescents, and adults who must manage the condition and lead productive lives on a daily basis.? For students with undiagnosed ADHD, the first few weeks of school may determine whether they have a successful year. 
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More Children Being Treated for Bipolar Disorder
1970-01-01 00:59:00
The number of American children and adolescents treated for bipolar disorder increased 40-fold from 1994 to 2003, researchers are to report on Tuesday, in the most comprehensive study to look at the controversial diagnosis. And experts say the numbers have almost certainly risen further in the years since. Most experts believe the jump reflects the fact that doctors are more aggressively applying the diagnosis to children, not that the number of new cases has gone up.
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What is elder abuse - who decides?
1970-01-01 00:59:00
To test the hypothesis that family and professional caregivers have different views about what constitutes elder abuse. A vignette was given to family and professional carers. They were asked to rate 13 management strategies for behavioural difficulties in a person with dementia on a Likert scale ranging from good idea to abusive. Some of the strategies were abusive according to the Department of Health?s No Secrets definition.
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Patient-reported outcomes in schizophrenia
1970-01-01 00:59:00
Patient-reported outcomes are increasingly used to evaluate the care of people with schizophrenia. To review established and emerging patient-reported outcomes in schizophrenia research, assessment tools and key findings.
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The Treatment of Psychotic Major Depression: Is There a Role for Adjunctive
1970-01-01 00:59:00
Background: Psychotic depression is a relatively prevalent mood disorder associated with greater symptom severity, a poorer course of illness and higher levels of functional impairment compared with nonpsychotic depression. Separate lines of investigation suggest that various forms of cognitive-behavioral therapy are efficacious for treating severe forms of nonpsychotic depression as well as primary psychotic disorders. However, there currently are no empirically supported psychotherapies specifically designed for treating psychotic depression. Method: We review the efficacy of current somatic treatments for the disorder and discuss the limited data to date on potentially useful psychotherapeutic approaches. In particular, we describe the clinical improvement observed in a subgroup of hospitalized patients with psychotic depression treated with Acceptance and Commitment Therapy as part of a larger clinical trial. 
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Indications for Antidepressant use in patients with chronic pain disorders
1970-01-01 00:59:00
Chronic pain is common; an estimated 20% of primary care visits focus on this problem. Nearly 25% of patients with diabetes develop neuropathic pain. Traumas, strokes, HIV/AIDS, and alcohol abuse are other common medical problems that can produce a chronic pain disorder. The aging American population guarantees the continued prominence of chronic pain disorders. Managing chronic pain is one of the most challenging problems that both physicians and patients face. Extensive diagnostic assessment may shed little light on the etiology of the disorder, leaving both the physician and the patient in an uncomfortable position. The physician?s goal is pain control, which may not produce total relief from symptoms. Multiple interventions may be required to manage the patient?s expectations when intractable pain relentlessly intrudes on his or her daily life. An empathetic health care provider can offer education, emotional support, medical referrals as needed, and, perhaps most importantly...
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Preventing Suicides
1970-01-01 00:59:00
Regarding the Aug. 1 Style article ?The Puzzling, Tragic End of a Golden Couple?: Suicide is indeed puzzling and tragic. Suicide also is complicated. It is not the result of a single life event. In fact, more than 90 percent of people who die by suicide have an underlying, although not always diagnosed, psychiatric illness at the time of their deaths.
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FAQ on eating disorders in adults
1970-01-01 00:59:00
Eating disorders affect people of all ages. A Mayo Clinic specialist discusses eating disorders in women (and men) in their 30s, 40s and beyond, including causes and treatments. Eating disorders are often thought of as a problem of troubled teens or young women in college. But that?s far from the only truth. Adults ? even older adults ? also can have eating disorders, whether it?s anorexia, bulimia, binge-eating disorder or a nonspecific eating disorder.
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Eat right to combat stress
1970-01-01 00:59:00
"My diet is horrendous. I drink too much coffee. I skip lunch four out of five days at work and I eat everything in sight when I get home. I know I should eat better, but I can?t seem to get it together.? Sound familiar? It?s just one version of the frustrations commonly heard from people with hectic lives.
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Depression: relationships to sleep paralysis and other sleep disturbances i
1970-01-01 00:59:00
Sleep disturbances are important correlates of depression, with epidemiologic research heretofore focused on insomnia and sleepiness. This epidemiologic study?s aim was to investigate, in a community sample, depression?s relationships to other sleep disturbances: sleep paralysis (SP), hypnagogic/hypnopompic hallucinations (HH), cataplexy - considered rapid eye movement-related disturbances - and automatic behavior (AB). Although typical of narcolepsy, these disturbances are prevalent, albeit under-studied, in the population.
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Diagnosis of depression in general practice
1970-01-01 00:59:00
Depression is well recognized as a public health problem that usually runs the risk of becoming chronic, disabling and life threatening if left untreated. Unfortunately depression remains largely under diagnosed in primary care although more than one in ten cases seen in primary care suffers from this condition. Primary care physicians are strategically placed to detect and treat depression early and thus contribute in secondary prevention of this disorder. This article highlights the problems in diagnosis, the ways depressed patients present to the clinicians, the diagnostic criteria, the detailed interview techniques to arrive at a diagnosis of depression. The article also offers an outline of management of depression in primary care.
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Bipolar Disorder
1970-01-01 00:59:00
Bipolar disorder (also known as manic depression) is a treatable illness marked by extreme changes in mood, thought, energy and behavior. It is not a character flaw or a sign of personal weakness.  Bipolar disorder is also known as manic depression because a person?s mood can alternate between the ?poles? of mania (highs) and depression (lows). This change in mood or ?mood swing? can last for hours, days weeks or months. Bipolar disorder affects more than two million adult Americans. It usually begins in late adolescence (often appearing as depression during teen years) although it can start in early childhood or later in life. An equal number of men and women develop this illness (men tend to begin with a manic episode, women with a depressive episode) and it is found among all ages, races, ethnic groups and social classes. The illness tends to run in families and appears to have a genetic link. Like depression and other serious illnesses, bipolar disorder can also negativel...
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Treatment of post-traumatic disorders
1970-01-01 00:59:00
Once a diagnosis of PTSD has been made, treatment should be vigorous because chronic PTSD is hard to treat. Even if the traumatic events took place some time before (>1 year) it might still be worth trying exposure therapy, if the patient can tolerate it. Antidepressant treatment should also be instituted. However, the prognosis after 1?2 years is not good. Although the natural history of the disorder is for very gradual improvement over time, the concurrent effects on family and work life continually retard this process. Once chronic PTSD is established, the therapeutic focus may need to be these concurrent problems.
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Recurrent Depression In Adolescence Predicts Later Mental Health And Econom
1970-01-01 00:59:00
The frequency of depression in adolescence and young adulthood is associated with later mental health and economic problems, according to a new study from New Zealand. Depression is relatively common among adolescents and young adults, and is often a recurrent condition. This study, published in the October 2007 issue of the British Journal of Psychiatry, collected information from a 25-year longitudinal study of 982 New Zealand children born in the Christchurch urban area in mid-1977.
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Differences Between Major Depression and Other Depressions
1970-01-01 00:59:00
The differences between Major Depression and other depressions, such as bipolar depression, dysthymia, or reactive depression, are primarily intended for psychologists planning treatment, and are of less concern to the average person. When you review the list of symptoms for major depression, and you have four symptom clusters, instead of five, you should not ignore it or forget about it. There is no diagnosis of Moderate Depression, other than to call it ?unspecified.? Instead, ask yourself this question: ?Does the depression interfere with my life, my relationships, my productivity or my happiness?? If the answer is yes, then don?t wait, talk to a psychologist soon. Reactive depression is called an Adjustment Disorder with depressed mood.  This means that something traumatic occurred in your life, such as a relationship breakup, or loss of a job, and you became mildly to moderately depressed as a result. 
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Screening young people for obsessive?compulsive disorder
1970-01-01 00:59:00
Obsessive?compulsive disorder (OCD) in young people is underrecognised and undertreated. Simple screening tools suitable for general practice and community services are needed. We created a seven-item self-report Short OCD Screener (SOCS) and administered itto young people aged 11?15 years, including 116 patients with OCD, 181 healthy community controls and 33 young people with other psychiatric diagnoses. The SOCS has excellent sensitivity of 0.97 (95% CI 0.91?0.98) to detect OCD cases. Its specificity is good in children without psychiatric diagnoses, but low in a psychiatric sample. The SOCS is a screening tool suitable for community but not specialist settings.
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Mortality and electroconvulsive therapy
1970-01-01 00:59:00
Munk-Olsen et al (2007) reported that the mortality rate from natural causes was lower for patients undergoing electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) than for other psychiatric in-patients. The lower relative risk was particularly significant for mortality linked to respiratory disease (RR=0.67, 95% CI 0.55?0.95) and a trend was founded for cardiovascular disease (RR=0.85, 95% CI 0.70?1.03). The authors concluded that this decreased risk of mortality from natural causes is unlikely to be the result of a selection bias. They based this statement on: (a) the absence of absolute contraindications to ECT in the international guidelines; and (b) the concordant findings of previous studies.
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Speed, Ecstasy and Ritalin: The Science of Amphetamines
1970-01-01 00:59:00
The 2005/06 British Crime Survey estimated that ecstasy and amphetamines were the third and fourth (after cannabis and cocaine) most widely used illicit drugs among 16- to 59-year-olds (by 1.6% and 1.3% respectively) in England and Wales. More worryingly, among 16- to 24-year-olds the corresponding figures increased to 4.3% and 3.3%. There are also fears of an emerging epidemic of illicit methamphetamine (crystal meth or ice) misuse in the UK, resulting in its recent reclassification from Class B to Class A under the Misuse of Drugs Act 2005. So, too, methylphenidate and dexamphetamine were recognised by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (2006) as appropriate treatment options for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents. 
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