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WATER RETENTION
2008-05-14 21:40:00
Adults who suddenly increase their body weight may have an increase in fatty (adipose) tissue, accumulation of fluid (edema) or both disorders. Weight gain in excess of two pounds per day usually implies excess fluid retention. It is easy to confirm this by comparing the body weight in the morning and then again in the evening. Weight gains of less than two pounds during one day usually will subside by the following morning. Fluid retention may disclose increased salt and water intake or decreased sodium and water secretion.Checking weight changes from morning to evening often provides early evidence of disease. Dietary indiscretion, the use of diuretics, excessive intake of licorice root, or a cortisol-type drug preparation may also be responsible. A special type of fluid retention called cyclic edema occurs predominantly in women. This is characterized by periodic episodes of fluid retention, frequently accompanied by distention of the abdomen, Patients may weigh several pounds mo...

HYPOGLYCEMIA
2008-05-13 22:53:00
Low blood sugar, usually called hypoglycemia, has many causes. The most common one relates to our fast-paced lifestyle. Excessive sugar intake, frequent snacking, and caffeine or cola beverages contribute to this frequent malady. When the blood glucose level falls rapidly, emergency ?fight-orflight? stress responses take over. The individual feels weak, very hungry, and frequently becomes irrational. Emotional reactions to hypoglycemic episodes vary from agitated to angry, depressed to suicidal. Personalities change rapidly, but return to normal function with some form of food.Rather than frequent feedings such as the ?six meal a day? diet, I recommend the following regimen: First, begin the day with a wholesome, hearty breakfast. Some whole grain cereal, bread, nut butter, or fruit makes a great way to start the day. Avoid coffee and frequent snacks. They both aggravate any tendency to low blood sugar. Mealtimes should be at regular intervals, usually five or six hours apart. Stres...

DIABETES MELLITUS 2
2008-05-12 10:30:00
This is associated first of all by the achieving and maintaining of an ideal body weight. Our third goal is the prevention or delay of the specific complications associated with diseases of the eye, kidney, and nerves. Finally, we try to stem the accelerating atherosclerosis to which the diabetic is particularly liable. Success in these therapies depends on how well the patient has been instructed and his conscientiousness in following directions. The avoidance of cigarette smoking, with regular daily exercise, the monitoring of the urine and blood sugar, cholesterol and triglycerides, blood pressure and body weight are all imperative. Basically, however, the treatment of diabetes revolves around an appropriate diet.The dietary treatment must meet the basic nutritional requirements. These are usually the same as those of a nondiabetic patient and, of course, to be acceptable, taste, variety, economy, and other nutritional factors should be considered. The prevention of high blood su...

DIABETES MELLITUS 1
2008-05-11 10:19:00
We now turn to the common problems of metabolism that can often be treated, controlled, or prevented in a home setting. Knowledge of sugar diabetes is important, because of its high prevalence. This disease has been recognized from antiquity. Both Greek and Chinese writings have mentioned it; and in the sixteenth century Paracelsus initiated the study of the chemistry of diabetic urine. The word mellitus, introduced by Thomas Willis one hundred years later, describes the sweetness of the diabetic urine, ?as if imbued with honey.? This rapidly led to a dietary approach to this disease, until finally Langerhans, a medical student, in 1869 described the islets in the pancreas where the basic production of insulin occurs. Two Canadians, Banting and Best, finally prepared the extract from dog pancreas that was capable of reducing the elevated blood glucose level. A fascinating long history of discoveries marks the approaches to understanding and treating this common disorder.It is estima...

SYMPTOMS RELATED TO THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
2008-05-10 10:11:00
We now present a few common symptoms and the possible relationships to specific endocrine diseases. Clinical experience is certainly important in interpreting these relationships. Nevertheless, the suspicion that there is something wrong is often the first step toward an accurate diagnosis.Weakness and increased fatigability are without doubt the most frequent symptom of adults seeking medical diagnosis. In the majority, these complaints derive primarily from emotional or psychological disturbances. When hormone abnormalities are suspected, one should inquire first whether the symptoms have been accompanied by weight loss. If so, insufficiency of the adrenal gland, overactivity of the thyroid, and diabetes mellitus should be considered.Adrenal insufficiency is usually accompanied by increased pigmentation, low blood pressure, and perhaps salt craving. Hyperthyroidism is suggested by goiter (enlargement of the thyroid gland), bulging eye changes, tremor, and heat intolerance. Sugar d...
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URINARY RETENTION
2008-05-09 10:06:00
Inability to void may develop abruptly, but is usually preceded by a history of diminished size and force of the urinary system, hesitancy, nocturnal urination, and dribbling. Many of these individuals are older men, having developed gradual prostate enlargement, but scarring and stricture from infection in the urinary tract can also produce these symptoms.One of the most important ways of relieving these conditions, short of actual surgical cure, is the use of the urinary catheter. Unless the obstruction is severe this soft, flexible tube with a rounded end can be passed successfully into the bladder in most people. The catheter should be sterilized, the opening of the urethra (meatus) cleansed carefully with antiseptic solution, and with appropriate lubrication the catheter passed gently into the bladder. Usually relief is obtained and this technique is easily learned at home thus allowing either for the necessary time to seek medical care or a chronic relief in older patients dee...
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TRAUMA TO THE KIDNEY
2008-05-08 09:53:00
Injury to the urinary tract may at times produce blood in the urine. This isparticularly a problem in contact sports, since the kidneys are easily traumatized.Long distance runners also frequently show signs of kidney damagewith elevated enzymes and blood in the urine. This may be related not only tothe metabolic breakdown of muscle during severe exercise, but also to thedehydration that results from profound sweating. In most cases of urinarytrauma where the urethra, bladder, or ureters have not been ruptured bed restcombined with hot packs and adequate fluid intake will produce a rapid cure.
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KIDNEY FAILURE
2008-05-07 09:49:00
Failure of the kidneys to form urine properly can be either of an acute or chronic nature. The acute types are called nephritis, referring to the inflammation of the functional kidney complex. This may occur in conjunction with a Strep. throat or other bacterial infection. At times it develops suddenly, associated with protein loss, edema, and high blood pressure. These cases need to be evaluated with laboratory tests and medical expertise. But several simple approaches are helpful.First of all it is important to recognize the influence of diet on kidney function. Many years ago it was discovered that a high protein diet predisposes to kidney complications. For this reason it is wise to avoid an excess of animal products, particularly flesh foods. Adequate fluid intake isalso important. In treating these symptoms hot packs as well as hydration will be beneficial.Chronic failure of the kidneys frequently produces metabolic disturbances in water, sodium, potassium, calcium, and acid-b...
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Involuntary loss of urine is a very troublesome symptom
2008-05-06 09:48:00
This may occur in children and when associated with bed-wetting is usually termed enuresis. Up to 4-5 years of age this may be quite common, and when persistent usually indicates some psychological distress. Congenital defects in the formation of the urinary organs may contribute to this disorder, and they can be evaluated with a specific x-ray study, the intravenous pyelogram.Most cases of childhood incontinence subside with the passage of years. Women of childbearing age may have incontinence after the delivery of a large baby. Or with successive pregnancies, the support of the bladder and urethra may be weakened, producing a hernia or prolapse called a cystocele. Often this is associated with stress incontinence on sneezing, coughing, or straining. The Kegel exercises described in the chapter on gynecology are often helpful in alleviating these symptoms. If persistent anatomic defect is demonstrated, surgical repair may be indicated to restore continence and alleviate the anxiety...
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URINARY INFECTION
2008-05-05 09:45:00
Bacterial infections of the urinary tract are extremely common. Some are also notoriously resistant to treatment and thus likely to reoccur. Yet the majority of persons with urinary tract infections are unaware of it. On other occasions, infections take the form of an acute disease usually with characteristic symptoms. The commonest symptoms are pain on urination, urinary frequency, and a strong urge to void. More serious infections may produce fever, pain in the bladder region, or over the kidneys.Many different causes can produce infection. The commonest of these come from the group of gram negative bacteria (such as E. coli) inhabiting the digestive tract. Cultures of the urine can usually pinpoint the exact offender. Most of the time these coliform bacteria gain access to the bladder through the urethra. Under normal circumstances the urine in the bladder is sterile and large numbers of bacteria can be cleared rapidly in both humans and animals. Slight physiologic alterations, h...
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URINARY STONES
2008-05-04 09:44:00
Stones in the kidney or ureters may occur at any age, but are more common in the third and fourth decades. These calculi may be single or multiple, firmly lodged or free. Kidney stones often cause pain, produce blood in the urine, and symptoms of vague abdominal distress. Occasionally, even when large, stones may occur without symptoms, while causing serious andinsidious kidney damage.Characteristically, as mentioned above, renal calculi cause severe, sharp flank pain, which is often acute in onset and present intermittently. A small stone being passed in the ureter creates painful colic and the patient usually moves about restlessly, vainly seeking relief. Blood is frequently present in the urine, but at times requires the microscope for its detection. Physical findings may be entirely normal, although tenderness, muscle spasm, or even a lump may be felt in the location.It is important to search for the original cause of the stone, then attempt to correct it. Most stones after blad...
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The PREVENTION of MALIGNANCY
2008-05-03 09:42:00
Based upon the evidence currently available, it is my conviction that a rational plan can be designed to prevent most types of cancer. Summed up in one word, moderation, the preventive approach involves several factors:Your diet should be simple, utilizing natural foods as much as possible. Adequate amounts of fruit, fresh vegetables, and whole grain cereals should be included together with some nuts and natural sources of dietary fats, such as olives, avocados, and a most sparing use of vegetable oil. Any excess of oil, sugar, salt, or any single food, especially refined ones, in the diet should be shunned.The low-fat vegetarian diet has been associated clearly with an increased resistance to many types of cancer. When individuals abstain from milk and eggs, as well as meat, the cancer risk becomes even lower. Naturally these total vegetarians must have a considerable knowledge of nutrition in order to maintain balanced nutrition, and provide optimum vitamin and mineral intake to m...
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SKIN CANCER
2008-05-02 09:40:00
Although more skin cancers are seen than malignancies involving any other organ, this is least commonly a cause of cancer death. Inasmuch as the lesion can be seen with the naked eye in an early stage, the potential for cure is well over 90%. It is thought that the single most important factor in the cause of skin cancer is chronic exposure to ultraviolet light of the sunburn wavelength (UV-B). Individuals who are intensely pigmented are quite well protected from these rays. Fair-complexioned individuals and albinos should especially use sunscreen preparations. All should avoid unnecessary exposure to x-rays, coal tar products, and arsenic preparations known to be carcinogens.Seventy-five percent of all skin cancers are of the basal cell carcinoma type. These rarely metastasize, but are locally invasive. The cancer typically begins as a noninflamed, smooth, waxy nodule. Usually a number of small blood vessels are visible near the surface. These nodules often ulcerate and form a crus...
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LEUKEMIA
2008-05-01 09:39:00
Cancer involving the blood and bone marrow is most often seen in children. Several types of leukemia are described, based upon the type of blood cells involved and their appearance under the microscope. Samples from the blood and bone marrow are usually compared. Ionizing radiation, whether from nuclear sources or x-ray therapy, is clearly associated with an increased incidence of these leukemias. Chemical agents, such as the anticancer drugs and occupational exposure to benzal have been associated with increased leukemia. Some hereditary factors havealso been linked with this disease.Most interesting is the firmly established viral theory in relation to acute leukemia. In rodents, fowls, cats, and monkeys certain viruses are known to cause leukemia when experimentally inoculated. These animals can pass viruses to their offspring through the ovum or shed it in their milk or other secretions, thereby transmitting it to unaffected animals. Again it makes one wonder how much leukemia m...
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LUNG CANCER
2008-04-30 09:36:00
Cancer of the lung is the most common cancer in men and increasing rapidly among women in the United States. There are a number of types of lung cancer, but the most common is called bronchogenic, since it originates in the bronchial tubes. By far, the most common cause of lung cancer is tobacco smoking with the risk directly proportionate to the number of cigarettes smoked and the amount of inhaling. It appears that in the tobacco tar, we find not only benz-0-pyrene, but also dozens of other cancerproducing chemicals, as well as other substances that sensitize the tissues to the destructive action of these agents. Over a period of years the hapless smoker accumulates an increasing amount of tar, until some of the lining cells, which at first increase in number as a protective measure, finally become transformed into malignant cells, which invade local tissues and eventually metastasize.Extensive research on tobacco was sponsored by The American Cancer Society. Also, momentous publi...
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CANCER of the UTERUS and CERVIX
2008-04-29 09:33:00
Routine screening has decreases the incidence of cervical cancer in recent years. Called the ?Pap smear?, this screening tool developed by Dr.Papanicoleau has allowed for the early detection of change in the cells of the cervix. Being less common in nuns, in Jewish women, and in those with less sexual activity, this type of cancer merits great interest from a preventive standpoint. A virus similar to the Herpes virus that causes cold sores has been implicated in the development of some of these cancers.More and more nurses, as well as many midwives are learning how to take these smears, thus increasing the acceptance of the pap smear to many women as well as making the procedure more available. It certainly should be part of an annual examination from the time of marriage on through life. Early diagnosis with surgical removal of the uterus and cervix can well be curative.Cancer of the lining of the womb (endometrium) is less common, but is still taking many lives. This has definitel...

CANCER of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
2008-04-28 09:31:00
For the last three decades, cancer of the stomach has been decreasing in frequency in the United States. It remains high in Japan and certain other Oriental nations, and is probably related to the intake of certain foods, some highly seasoned, and others extremely hot. The second most common type of cancer in our country is cancer of the colon and rectum. This often produces a change in bowel habits, the stools becoming more constipated or of small caliber. Bleeding from the rectum is occasionally seen. This is usually red when the tumor growth is low in the colon and darker, brown to black (called melena) when the lesion is high in the colon or coming from the small intestine or stomach. This color change is due to the partial digestion of blood products by bacteria and enzymes in the bowel.The rectal examination is helpful in detection of many cancers in their early stages. A ten-inch tube with attached light, called a sigmoidoscope can be used to look into the lower bowel, where ...
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BREAST CANCER
2008-04-27 09:29:00
Cancer of the breast is the leading cancer among women in Western countries. It appears that this cancer is caused by one of several viruses and is increased in certain population groups. As mentioned before women who breast-feed their babies seem to be protected. Those with fibrocystic disease, a condition where the mammary glands enlarge and become engorged with sacs of fluid have an increased risk of breast malignancy.Recent evidence points to the intake of caffeinated beverages, such as coffee, tea, and colas as factors in the production of this fibrocystic change. Beverage alcohol is believed to be one major risk factor in breast cancer. Men may also have breast cancer, but it is about 1/125th as common. Periodic self examination is an excellent aid to early detection of breast cancer, especially if it remains the same throughout the menstrual cycle.A great deal of controversy is raging in the medical world concerning the best treatment for breast cancer. Some types seem to be ...
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HEADACHE
2008-04-26 09:30:00
The term headache encompasses all aches and pains associated in the head. Along with fatigue, hunger, and thirst, headache represents man?s most frequent discomfort. It must always be kept in mind that headache is a symptom, not a disease, and its cause should always be ascertained. Some types of headaches are quite easy to diagnose. Infection or blockage of sinuses is usually accompanied by pain over the sinus area and in the forehead. It is often associated with tenderness of the skin in the same area.Sometimes the head seems to throb. Often headaches tend to return at the same hour of the day. Headache originating in the eye is usually located near the eye or in the forehead. It is of steady, aching type and tends to follow prolonged use of the eyes in close work. Muscle imbalance is often involved. A careful examination of the eyes by your doctor is recommended.Headaches accompanying diseases of the ligaments, muscles, and joints in the upper spine are usually referred to the ba...

MIGRAINE
2008-04-26 09:30:00
The term migraine refers to periodic, throbbing headaches on one side of the head, which usually begins in childhood or adolescence, and occur with diminishing frequency during advancing years. Sometimes, along with the headache, nausea and vomiting may actually disable the affected individual for several hours each time the migraine occurs. Some variations are seen. Many are forced to lie down and to shun light and noise for what they call a ?sick headache.? Other milder forms do not require withdrawal from accustomed activities. Between attacks the migraine sufferer is essentially normal. In fact, the headache seems to be brought on during the ?let down? period after many days of hard work or stress. Spasm in the blood vessels has been implicatedand many powerful hormones are often released that perpetuate discomfortfor several hours.
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LABORATORY TESTING
2008-04-26 09:30:00
Most laboratories today require requisitions from a physician to run various tests. New self-care home kits are now available for many screening tests, which can be done at home. Some of these are as follows: pregnancy test, blood cholesterol, blood glucose, and stool testing for occult blood. The latter is useful to periodically evaluate possible blood loss, as well as causes for anemia. Urine testing for protein or sugar, and fasting blood sugar measurements, are good screening tests for diabetes. These tests can be done on a group basis at health fairs, and for a considerably reduced cost.Cholesterol and triglyceride evaluations are periodically performed in coronary screening programs, and occasionally, it is possible to secure chest x-rays, electrocardiograms, and even treadmill tests from public health groups or private groups screening for cardiovascular disease. Sometimes the YMCA, religious camp meetings, or special health fairs in shopping centers will provide these tests ...
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BENIGN TUMORS
2008-04-26 09:28:00
Benign tumor growths, although not true cancers, share some of their same characteristics, such as viral causation, transformation of cells, and autonomous growth. A number of specific viruses are known to cause benign tumors. They are by far the most common of any new growths a person might have.Warts are benign tumors that occur in almost any location. They are very common on the hands. However, in spite of folklore rumors, they are not caused by handling frogs! A wart virus penetrates the skin and transforms dermal cells causing this unusual growth. When it occurs on the sole of the foot, around the nail beds, or in the genital organs, it may be difficult to eradicate, even quite painful.Warts can usually be frozen with liquid nitrogen, or may be removed chemically, such as with strong acids. Many physicians prefer to destroy the wart with an electric current (cautery) after appropriately anesthetizing the skin. Many of these can be successfully frozen or removed at home, if appr...

Anaphylactic Shock
2008-03-20 22:11:00
Anaphylactic shock is a highly dangerous allergic manifestation that occurs when an individual has an immediate life-threatening reaction to contact, ingestion, or injection of an allergen. This rarely occurs with food allergy, but is most commonly associated with drugs. Penicillin injections have periodically produced this severe type of anaphylactic shock.Stings from hornets, honey bees, bumblebees, and yellow jackets in sensitized individuals can provoke anaphylactic reactions. Even inhalation of allergens, such as antibiotic powder, or caster bean flour, may cause anaphylaxis.Symptoms occur within seconds to minutes after the substance enters into the body, when precipitous drop in blood pressure occurs. Frequently there is difficulty breathing, profuse sweating, and sudden generalized vascular relaxation that causes faintness. In fatal cases stoppage of the heart or respiration follows.Prompt emergency resuscitative measures are necessary to save the life of a victim in anaphyl...
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Food Allergies
2008-03-18 22:03:00
There is probably no area more controversial and perplexing as suspected allergies connected with food. These range from sensitivity to food additives, such as coloring, preservatives, and other foreign chemicals, to plant sources, to actual hypersensitivity to protein and other constituents of fruits, grains, nuts, vegetables, or animal foods. Careful detective work and long-term adherence to dietary regimens are frequently necessary to first diagnose and then live with food allergies.It is my belief that the stage is set for many food allergies by feeding patterns in infancy, such as the early introduction of solid foods, the widespread use of cow?s s milk in prepared formulas, and the relative lack of mother interest in prolonged breast feeding. Maternal use of drugs whichsensitize the babies in utero or during the breast-feeding period can also prepare the way for allergic responses to develop.The most common allergy that occurs in infancy is a sensitivity to cow?s milk. This is...
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Hives, or urticaria, is a very common manifestation of hypersensitivity
2008-03-16 13:30:00
The disease itself is manifested by the sudden appearance of reddened areas, which rapidly become welts, being distributed generally over the body or localized to the face, neck?s or extremities. Intense itching is usually present. The lesions often migrate and change their appearance rapidly. The rash, however, usually does not blister or weep unless scratching has abraded the skin and allowed the entrance of germs.Food allergies can sometimes cause hives. Very frequently an allergy to strawberries, shellfish, or some less common food can trigger a sudden onset of this rash. Reaction to substances such as wheat, milk, or eggs is more rare. It is necessary to avoid the food if one wishes to eliminate the symptom.Several drugs can also cause hives. This condition is usually termed a drug allergy. The most common producers of this drug reaction are Penicillin and related antibiotics. Sulfa drugs and pharmaceuticals from nearly every major class of medicinal agent can produce an urtica...
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Hay fever or allergic rhinitis is a hypersensitivity disease involving the
2008-03-14 13:24:00
Hay fever or allergic rhinitis is a hypersensitivity disease involving the nose and sinuses, The mucous membrane becomes inflamed in response to an allergic substance and produces a watery, profuse discharge associated with increased tearing, itching of the eyes, and sneezing. This condition is usually seasonal, with the peak incidence corresponding to the presence of the offending allergenic inhalants. Pollens of trees, grasses, wildflowers, and other weeds are the most common culprits in producing this allergy. Some people are affected by danders, the particles produced from the skin of animals or hair from cats, dogs, horses, etc. House dust, molds, feathers, and even certain foods can produce hay fever. The appearance of the inner mucous lining of the nose is usually pale and thin, as opposed to upper respiratory infections where the mucus becomes thick, and the mucous membrane reddened and swollen.Usually it is quite helpful for the allergy sufferer to know and identify the off...
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Asthma,This allergic disease of the respiratory system primarily affects th
2008-03-12 13:14:00
This allergic disease of the respiratory system primarily affects the lungs. At the end of each tiny air tube that reaches the lung is the alveolus, where gas exchange occurs. Here oxygen enters the red blood cells to be exchanged for carbon dioxide, which is then exhaled. The bronchial tubes that form the large and small air passages have a smooth specialized muscle in them that constricts under certain conditions. In contrast, with the smooth muscle of the artery walls, these bronchial muscles dilate in response to adrenalin and constrict in the presence of histamine as well as other chemical mediators of allergies. A condition described as bronchial asthma occurs when there is spasm of the bronchial tubes, leading to obstruction in the airway. Usually there is also excess mucus accumulation and thickening of the mucus?s making it more tenacious and difficult to clear.The asthmatic patient, then, primarily has an air hunger, with musical wheezes in the lung. These can be heard eas...
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Evidence on the Role of the Mediterranean Diet as a Whole in Longevity
2008-03-11 11:27:00
In a study undertaken in Greece, an overall nutritional score describing the traditional Mediterranean Diet and particularly the Greek version of it, and based on the eight characteristics of this diet, was a priori defined. The investigators reported that adherence to the traditional diet, as reflected by the nutritional score, favorably affected life expectancy among elderly people. Furthermore, when the individual components of this score were examined, they had weak and generally nonsignificant associations with survival, in contrast to the overall score, which had a substantial and significant effect. The favorable effect of the Mediterranean Diet on the survival of the elderly, assessed again through a score based on the eight characteristics ofthis diet, was also shown in a study conducted in Spain.Results of studies of the Mediterranean Diet in Mediterranean populations, however, may be confounded by the likely association of adult diet with early life nutritional patterns a...
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Fish , Cereal and Legumes on mediterranean Diet
2008-03-10 11:23:00
FishThough fish consumption varied widely both between and within Mediterranean countries, fish was by far preferred over meat in the traditional Mediterranean Diet . Fish consumption is associated with reduced coronary heart and cerebrovascular mortality, though a recent review of cohort studies suggests that the effect is more evident among high-risk groups only.A possible mechanism is the beneficial role of n-3 fatty acids on blood clotting and triglyceride levels.Cereal s and legumesCereals form the basis of the Mediterranean Diet pyramid and legumes are listed among the important compounds of diet in the Mediterranean region. Overall, there is substantial epidemiologic evidence that whole grains are associated with decreased risk of coronary artery disease and some cancers. The role of legumes in these diseases appears promising, but is as yet inconclusive, although it appears that frequent consumption of legumes and derivatives is associated with reduced levels of LDL cholestero...
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Olive oil ON mediterranean diet
2008-03-09 11:18:00
By definition, olive oil is a central component of the diet in the Mediterranean basin. The Greek version of the Mediterranean Diet and, to a lesser extent, the other versions of this diet, are dominated by the consumption of olive oil. Olive oil is the only vegetable oil obtained from whole fruit rather than from seeds. As compared with other vegetable oils, olive oil has a peculiar fatty acid composition (percentage (mol/mol) of methyl esters): oleic acid (56.0?83.0), palmitic acid (7.5?20.0), linoleic acid (3.5?20.0), stearic acid (0.5?3.5), palmitoleic acid (0.3?3.5), linolenic acid (0.0?1.5), myristic acid (0.0?0.05), and other fatty acids in minute amounts. Olive oil also contains, in total concentration of about 2% of the oil, several other minor compounds, among which tocopherols, carotenoids, and phenolic compounds have powerful antioxidant properties.Extra virgin olive oil is particularly rich in phenols.The exact mechanism of action of flavonoids and other polyphenols has...
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