Big NoiseBig NoiseA Blog About Freedom, Justice and Equality. Primarily about disability issues. But it also has articles about other minority and disenfranchised groups including, workers, the oppressed, people of color. Articles
Drugs and Profits
2007-09-25 02:27:00 Profit is just one reason why it is time for national healthcare program. It is immoral to reap millions in profit from another person's health issues. That is not to say that I do not think doctors should make a good living; I believe they should. It takes a lot of dedication and commitment to science to become a doctor and I am not against rewarding that. However, I also believe garbage haulers have done more to promote public health than have doctors. By removing our collectively generated waste and sticking it somewhere else, garbage haulers prevent disease, improve our life span, and create overall public health. I think they too should see receive compensation for the social good they do. The training is not long, but the health benefits are great. Drug companies, on the other hand, are so greedy that even middle-income people cannot afford their prescriptions. Drugs It is difficult to figure out how much it costs to develop a new drug, mostly because the drug c... More About: Profits
What to do when you're inconvenienced
2007-09-18 23:37:00 My husband wrote a terrific piece about what to do when inconvenienced by a demonstration. You'll know why I think it's terrific, after you read it. :)http://feeds.feedburner.com/bignoise More About: To Do
March On, ADAPT
2007-09-15 17:37:00 My husband and I are “the road less traveled” people, figuratively and literally. Figuratively, we read books that rarely make it past a first printing; NY Times best seller list… piffle! We enjoy documentaries and independent films. If we go to the movie and there are more than 15 people in the theater, we know we picked the wrong movie (exempting Pixar and Harry Potter movies). Moreover, we love, get giddy-with-excitement about, political mass action. Literally, our getaways are blue highway adventures.1 We can bore you for hours, nay days, with two-story outhouse tales. Let us tell you about the world’s largest sculpture of a walnut, the best road-side stand to get Indian Fry Bread (aka: manna from God) and a little mine museum run by a fella who wants to make sure the people who died in his town’s mining disaster aren’t forgotten. We stop at e-v-e-r-y historical marker. (I can hear my children groaning, as they are reminded of that memory, from here.) However, wi... More About: March
"Collectively They Are Pretty Spectacular"
2007-09-14 02:19:00 As Mike Miner eloquently put it, after coming to peer out my window, “Individually, no one's more invisible than a person in a wheelchair. Coll ective ly they're pretty spectacular." The comment was on the Chicago Reader’s (CR) web editor, Whet Moser’s blog. Senior editor, Martha Bayne, wrote the entry. CR is one of the city’s alternative newspapers with offices across the street from the national American Medical Association’s (AMA) headquarters on State Street. They had a bird’s eye view of ADAPT’s September 10, 2007, siege on the AMA; and I was lucky enough to be in that collectively spectacular group. It is not about me, but… At fifty-eight years old, and nearly 30 years in the disability rights movement, this was my first national ADAPT action. I attended local ADAPT events in St. Louis and maybe once in Chicago (Forgetfulness or dream, I am not sure). I readily acknowledge, a national action is way different. I attended anti war-rallies, peace vig... More About: Pretty , Spectacular
We are All Immigrants
2007-09-08 15:49:00 Jeff Parker, Florida Today, 2006_____________________________________ __________________I lost the link to this. If you're aware where it came from,please let me know and I'll give appropriate credit. Thank you._____________________________________ ______Me? Slovenian and Polish.My Slovenian ancestors were leftists.My Grandmother never learned English.My Grandfather worked in the mines and was restricted to living in the eastern European housing areas in small coal towns in Illinois & Pennsylvania,known as "the patch" or just plain Patch.___________________________________ ____________________http://www.michnews.c om_____________________________________Yo u?http://feeds.feedburner.com/bignoise More About: Immigrant , Immigrants
Criste Reimer Update
2007-09-04 21:40:00 I originally wrote about Cris te Reimer on August 18, 2007. The day before, this article appeared in the Kansas City Star. I just found it today. Crist e's mother, Delores McCandless paints a very different picture of her daughter's health than previously reported. Mother Talks About Daughter Killed in Fall From Apartment Balcony By TONY RIZZOThe Kansas City StarThe mother of Criste Reimer released several photographs of her daughter on Friday. They showed Reimer’s thin condition in April, left above, and how much weight she had gained by July before leaving her mother’s home. As the family of Criste Reimer began making funeral plans Friday, her mother recounted the last time she saw her daughter — just days before her death.“Mother, I need to be here,” Dolores McCandless said her daughter told her as she was leaving her mother’s Wichita home a week ago today.Reimer pounded the kitchen cabinet with her hand as emphasis, McCandless said.Three days later, Reimer died in a ... More About: Update
Letting Go: They Loved Him to Death
2007-09-03 14:16:00 Note: I want to thank Valerie Brew-Parrish for sending me the Denver Post article. She wrote an article about "disablicide" for the Joliet, IL paper that included Dylan and a journal later picked it up. She sent me the link after I published the Ruben Navarro piece. Thanks Val.We do not have to wonder how four-year old, 32-pound Dylan Walborn died. We have the whole picture… the full Monty… complete with a nearly 11,000-word story, two multi-media presentations, message boards, and opinion, all brought to you by the Denver Post. Dylan had a stroke while in utero causing him to have cerebral palsy (CP). He then defied a medical opinion that he would die in his infancy. The article describes Dylan’s CP as an “overarching term for a condition that left him virtually blind, deaf, immobile, and unable to communicate or perform any voluntary function.” He had a tracheotomy and a feeding tube. Kevin Simpson a Denver Post reporter wrote, Letting Go. Photojournalist Andy Cross a... More About: Death
When Seven is a Good Day
2007-08-26 23:01:00 Aching. Burning. Cramping. Cutting. Deep. Dull. Excruciating. Exhausting. Gnawing. Intense. Nagging. Nauseating. Numb. Penetrating. Pinching. Pins and needles. Radiating. Sharp. Shooting. Stabbing. Stinging. Throbbing. For close to two decades, pain has been my nearly constant companion. I cannot tell you exactly when it started. There was no trauma; no blunt-force impact, no onset of injury. It was not job related; and, it has never gone completely away. I have been diagnosed (only later to be undiagnosed by another doctor) with rheumatoid arthritis (and the regular kind), peripheral neuropathy, fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue, sciatica, muscle strain, pes planus (flat feet), ligament strain, over-exertion, and previous knee and/or hip injury. I have been delirious and incontinent with pain. At times, it is so punishing, I cannot walk, and my legs feel weak. I then rely on a cane or crutch for support. I stopped climbing stairs. Then, I just stopped moving; and gained 100 pounds.... More About: Good
ABC disses Kucinich
2007-08-22 10:14:00 It's 3:10 AM and I can't sleep. I got the letter below from the Kucinich Campaign yesterday (today?); it has me bugged. Clearly, from the letter, ABC is not treating the Kucinich equally.He is the only pro-peace, pro-working class, pro-woman, for full marriage rights (not just civil unions) for gays and lesbians, for universal-single payer healthcare and environmentally friendly,candidate we have; and he is all wrapped up into one small but mighty package.Even if you hate the Kucinich and oppose every position he has, I hope you support the idea that all the candiciates should be treated equally by the media. I encourage you to copy the list of complaints in the Kucinich Campaign letter against ABC (the letter is below), paste them into the Politics message boards and comments & suggestions email page, and tell them to answer the questions.Then post the same message at NBC, CNN, & CBS (scroll down to the bottom of the CBS page and click contact us.) I guess you could try FOX,...
A Forgotten, Lonely Place
2007-08-20 20:03:00 This powerful story appeared in my local paper. The author gave me permission to print it here. For those not in this area, the institution mentioned in the article was closed a few years ago amidst charges of neglect, abuse and deaths. Part of the grounds, called "the farm", is now a prison. The state is making motions to reopen the institution, under a new name, Lincoln Estates. If they do, Lincoln Estates will be the new name for Lincoln Developmental Center which was a new name for Lincoln State School. Lincoln State School was the new name for Lincoln State School and Colony. Lincoln State School and Colony was the new name for Lincoln Asylum. Lincoln Asylum was the new name for The State Hospital for the Insane. No matter what they call it, they cannot dress up an institution. It is a prison for people whose only crime is having a disability.__________________ A Forgotten , Lonely Place by Dave BakkeState Journal-Register,Friday, August 10, 2007 There is a...
To My Subscribers
2007-08-18 16:30:00 Mostly because of my lack of knowledge of HTML code, I really futzed up your subscription. Sorry. Please resubscribe with the knowledge I will never touch the code again. Subs cribe to this feed. Thanks!http://feeds.feedburner.com/bignoi se More About: Scribe
Murder Most Foul
2007-08-18 16:15:00 I was the first one to volunteer to go on a two-week [school integration busing experiment]. It was the best two weeks of my life, as far as my years K [through] 6 are concerned. I could not wait until the list came out to see if my birthday was selected as one to be bused. …when it wasn't, I was still thrilled that we were going to have a group [of black children] attend Riverside Elementary… where I attended. …all the friendships I made back in the 60's… we are still friends to this day; and even though I don't have an opportunity to see anyone that often, my life is still much richer from those friendships.* I felt like I was reading her personal diary; it was so intimate. I could hear her voice in my head. Like so many of us, she is concerned about race relations. She seems nice. From her 60s references, I guessed her to be about 10 years younger than me. I thought we might be friends. Unfortunately, we will never meet. Her husband threw her off a fourth floor balcon... More About: Murder
Solidarity: A New Law of the Jungle
2007-08-09 01:02:00 The first thing one recent morning, even before the caffeine had a chance to kick in, a co-worker, bubbling over with excitement, came into my office asking, "Did you see them? Did you see the water buffalo last night?" I was pretty sure I hadn't, since I live in a city, in North America, and there were no stories about escaping zoo animals in the paper. He wasn't about to let my confusion or sarcasm dampen his spirits, and directed me to YouTube and the "Battle at Kruger", an eight-minute video. If you have not seen it, you must! Go watch the entire video; it's a nail biter. About 1/3rd of the way through it, you'll want to stop watching. Do not stop; close your eyes if you must, but watch it all. It ends well. Go now. I'll wait here. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LU8DDYz68k M The video shows a battle between a pride of lions and a herd of water buffalo at South Africa's Kruger National Park at watering hole. The huge herd approaches the watering hole. A pride of lions l... More About: Jungle , The Jungle , Soli
Diagnosis: Murder
2007-08-04 08:51:00 The early part of the 21st century may be remembered as a series of horrific events perpetrated on a particular group of people. These exterminations and mutilations must stop. Ruben Navarro is the latest person with a disability to lose his life to murderers disguised as doctors and caregivers. To Dr. Hootan Roozrokh, Ruben's life and body were little more than an organ donor factory. Who was Ruben Navarro? A California native, Ruben was five days short his 26 th birthday when he was murdered. His mother, Rosa Navarro, had planned a little party and bought a Laker’s jersey as a gift. He was her only child. Rosa said Ruben was cheerful person. He loved comedy, music, Kobe Bryant and all the Lakers. He was an impish tot. Her apartment is full of pictures; from a toothless first-grader to his 1998 high school graduation photos. When Ruben was 10, Rosa noticed he was falling frequently. “Watching Ruben play with other 10-year-olds was like watching Bambi on ice,” she said... More About: Murder , Diagnosis
Diagnosis: Murder
2007-08-04 08:51:00 Note: At the end of this article is a link to a site that talks about the medical ethics regarding this case posted on Aug 17, 2007.The early part of the 21st century, like the middle of the last, may be remembered as a series of horrific events perpetrated on a particular group of people. The exterminations and mutilations of people with disabilities must stop. Ruben Navarro is the latest person with a disability to lose his life to murderers disguised as doctors and caregivers. To Dr. Hootan Roozrokh, Ruben's life and body were little more than an organ donor factory. Who was Ruben Navarro?He was a California native, and just five days short of his 26th birthday when he was murdered. His mother, Rosa Navarro, had planned a little party and bought a Lakers' jersey as a gift. He was her only child. Rosa told reporters in her Oxnard California home town that Ruben was a cheerful person. He loved comedy, music, Kobe Bryant and all the Lakers. He was an impish tot. Her apar... More About: Murder , Diagnosis
Death of A Friendship
2007-07-27 05:37:00 We could not name the truth. What used to braglies in your cupboard under lock and key.You care no morefor angels or the underdog,translating all the terms we usedinto intolerance. Your worldnow clusters roundthe emulation of the rich. -- Harry Guest I am in mourning. I am grief-stricken by the death of a friendship. Shannon is still alive, but our friendship died. I feel like wearing dark clothes. I’m in the soberest of moods. I am withdrawn and quieter than usual… I met Shannon the summer between sixth and seventh grade, 1961… thirty-six years ago. We were inseparable for years. If I didn’t see her at least once a day and talk to her on the phone multiple times a day, I felt cheated. My family moved from a farm to a brand new subdivision in the city Memorial Day weekend, 1961. Every family in the neighborhood was starting at the same place. We moved-in the same time—enjoyed new streets, new houses and new friends. I’m guessing it took just 6-8 months to build all ... More About: Friendship , Death , Ship
Death of A Friendship
2007-07-27 05:37:00 We could not name the truth. What used to braglies in your cupboard under lock and key.You care no morefor angels or the underdog,translating all the terms we usedinto intolerance. Your worldnow clusters roundthe emulation of the rich. -- Harry Guest I am in mourning. I am grief-stricken by the death of a friendship. Shannon is still alive, but our friendship died. I feel like wearing dark clothes. I’m in the soberest of moods. I am withdrawn and quieter than usual… I met Shannon the summer between sixth and seventh grade, 1961… thirty-six years ago. We were inseparable for years. If I didn’t see her at least once a day and talk to her on the phone multiple times a day, I felt cheated. My family moved from a farm to a brand new subdivision in the city Memorial Day weekend, 1961. Every family in the neighborhood was starting at the same place. We moved-in the same time—enjoyed new streets, new houses and new friends. I’m guessing it took just 6-8 months to build all ... More About: Friendship , Death
Little Dreamers Need Big Role Models
2007-07-22 21:42:00 I was a teenager in the 1960s; it was a time of great solidarity for women. We encouraged one another not to accept the limiting roles that society had for us. We wanted to expand our roles and be considered equal with men. We wanted respect for our contributions to society. We wanted to be the athletes, not just cheerleaders. Naturally after I had children, I wanted them to have the good strong women role models I didn’t have as a child. As a youngster I knew very few women who could take care of themselves; my daughters would be different. I was a one woman rah-rah band who wanted them to believe they had what it takes to do just about anything. (For them I would be the cheerleader.) They saw a woman pediatrician; My OB/GYN and general practitioner were women. We went to a female accountant and dentist. We read Maya Angelou’s poems; Alice Walker’s, The Color Purple and watched Billie Jean King on television. I talked about Eleanor Roosevelt, Elizabeth Katy Stanton, Margare... More About: Models , Role , Role Model , Litt , Dreamer
Little Dreamers Need Big Role Models
2007-07-22 21:42:00 I was a teenager in the 1960s; it was a time of great solidarity for women. We encouraged one another not to accept the limiting roles that society had for us. We wanted to expand our roles and be considered equal with men. We wanted respect for our contributions to society. We wanted to be the athletes, not just cheerleaders. Naturally after I had children, I wanted them to have the good strong women role models I didn’t have as a child. As a youngster I knew very few women who could take care of themselves; my daughters would be different. I was a one woman rah-rah band who wanted them to believe they had what it takes to do just about anything. (For them I would be the cheerleader.) They saw a woman pediatrician; My OB/GYN and general practitioner were women. We went to a female accountant and dentist. We read Maya Angelou’s poems; Alice Walker’s, The Color Purple and watched Billie Jean King on television. I talked about Eleanor Roosevelt, Elizabeth Katy Stanton, Margare... More About: Models , Role , Litt , Dreamer
The Radicalization of an Ordinary Woman
2007-07-20 20:42:00 In 1977, my darling first born child received a diagnosis of “developmental delays of unknown etiology.” Though I was a nurse, and it only confirmed what I was seeing, the diagnosis scared me. Could I help my sweet baby girl? What did she need? Will she have a good life? Almost immediately, I started gathering information and sticking my nose into unwelcoming places. It was easy to see that the world was not ready for her. I knew I had to do something, but what? As it turned out, 1977 was a pretty lucky year to be diagnosed with a disability. Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act, the first civil rights law for people with disabilities, was signed into law in1973. In 1977, after fiddling with the regulations that would give the law its legs, then Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare (HEW), Joseph Califano, refused to sign the regulations. Disability rights activists took the streets in 10 cities on April 5th. The San Francisco HEW Office found that 150 demonstrators ha... More About: Woman , Radical , Ordinary , Radicalization
The Radicalization of an Ordinary Woman
2007-07-20 20:42:00 In 1977, my darling first born child received a diagnosis of “developmental delays of unknown etiology.” Though I was a nurse, and it only confirmed what I was seeing, the diagnosis scared me. Could I help my sweet baby girl? What did she need? Will she have a good life? Almost immediately, I started gathering information and sticking my nose into unwelcoming places. It was easy to see that the world was not ready for her. I knew I had to do something, but what? As it turned out, 1977 was a pretty lucky year to be diagnosed with a disability. Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act, the first civil rights law for people with disabilities, was signed into law in1973. In 1977, after fiddling with the regulations that would give the law its legs, then Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare (HEW), Joseph Califano, refused to sign the regulations. Disability rights activists took the streets in 10 cities on April 5th. The San Francisco HEW Office found that 150 demonstrators ha... More About: Woman , Radical , Ordinary , Radicalization
How Do You Know You’re Home?
2007-07-09 17:52:00 I was flipping through the channels and I caught Jeff Foxworthy running down his list of, “You might be a redneck if…” Some were funny, some hurtful, and some just plain dumb. Even though I only stopped for a moment or two, I could not get the "list thing" out of my head. For the rest of the day and well into the next, I started creating “Your might be" lists in my head. You might be; left-handeda quilter a vegana road rage driver if…” It was probably inevitable that I would create a list of something for people who live in an institution. Like many advocates for people with disabilities, the lives of our brothers and sisters sentenced to institutional life are of great concern. I define an institution as any place a person lives but did not choose to move into. However, I’ve heard other people say that CILAs (Community Independent Living Arrangements), ICFDDs (Intermediate Care Facility for the Developmentally Disabled), or other living kinds of li... More About: Home
How Do You Know You’re Home?
2007-07-09 17:52:00 I was flipping through the channels and I caught Jeff Foxworthy running down his list of, “You might be a redneck if…” Some were funny, some hurtful, and some just plain dumb. Even though I only stopped for a moment or two, I could not get the "list thing" out of my head. For the rest of the day and well into the next, I started creating “Your might be" lists in my head. You might be; left-handeda quilter a vegana road rage driver if…” It was probably inevitable that I would create a list of something for people who live in an institution. Like many advocates for people with disabilities, the lives of our brothers and sisters sentenced to institutional life are of great concern. I define an institution as any place a person lives but did not choose to move into. However, I’ve heard other people say that CILAs (Community Independent Living Arrangements), ICFDDs (Intermediate Care Facility for the Developmentally Disabled), or other living kinds of li... More About: Home
Independence Day
2007-07-04 19:06:00 July 4, 2007 Consider these facts: About 2700 people with developmental disabilities live substandard lives in nine state-operated institutions in Illinois. Illinois pays for another 6,000 people with developmental disabilities to endure in private institutions There are 100,000 people in 1,200 long-term care facilities in the state.The Department of Human Services, Department of Mental Health oversees 30 community hospitals with psychiatric units, as well as nine state operated hospitals. For these people it is July 4th; Independence Day it is not. They are locked into prisons for the crime of having a disability. Independence is a far off dream for them, unless we who have a voice, however small, say it should change. While there is a lower class I am in it; while there is a criminal element I am of it; while there is a soul in prison, I am not free.Eugene V. Debs It’s dramatically cheaper to support people in their homes than it is to imprison th... More About: Independence Day , Epen
Independence Day
2007-07-04 19:06:00 July 4, 2007 Consider these facts: About 2700 people with developmental disabilities live substandard lives in nine state-operated institutions in Illinois. Illinois pays for another 6,000 people with developmental disabilities to endure in private institutions There are 100,000 people in 1,200 long-term care facilities in the state.The Department of Human Services, Department of Mental Health oversees 30 community hospitals with psychiatric units, as well as nine state operated hospitals. For these people it is July 4th; Independence Day it is not. They are locked into prisons for the crime of having a disability. Independence is a far off dream for them, unless we who have a voice, however small, say it should change. While there is a lower class I am in it; while there is a criminal element I am of it; while there is a soul in prison, I am not free.Eugene V. Debs It’s dramatically cheaper to support people in their homes than it is to imprison th... More About: Independence Day , Epen
Chris Benoit
2007-07-03 17:44:00 I am a person with an acquired disability. I am the parent of a child who was born with a disability. I have two points of reference about disability issues, and on occasion they collide. And collide they did about Chris Benoit 's murder of his wife and their young child who had a disability.As the parent of a child with a disability I understand the issues that face families. There is a lack of role models, finances, physical resources, educational opportunities for the parent and the child. I understand the stress families face. Sometimes parenting a child with a disability feels like Sisyphus pushing that rock uphill.As a person with a disability, and a believer in basic civil rights for all human beings, I see it's another example of a parent getting a pass. The rational seems to be that since the child he murdered had a disability... it is a little more understandable; horrible, but understandable.While my heart aches for the isolation and lack of supports that families face ...
Chris Benoit
2007-07-03 17:44:00 I am a person with an acquired disability. I am the parent of a child who was born with a disability. I have two points of reference about disability issues, and on occasion they collide. And collide they did about Chris Benoit 's murder of his wife and their young child who had a disability.As the parent of a child with a disability I understand the issues that face families. There is a lack of role models, finances, physical resources, educational opportunities for the parent and the child. I understand the stress families face. Sometimes parenting a child with a disability feels like Sisyphus pushing that rock uphill.As a person with a disability, and a believer in basic civil rights for all human beings, I see it's another example of a parent getting a pass. The rational seems to be that since the child he murdered had a disability... it is a little more understandable; horrible, but understandable.While my heart aches for the isolation and lack of supports that families face ...
Elizabeth Edwards Rocks
2007-06-27 20:21:00 I know Elizabeth Edwards is younger than me by a couple of weeks; but I want to be a lot like her when I grow up. On Sunday, she came out in support of gay marriage. At San Francisco's Gay Pride Parade kickoff event, she spoke about legalizing gay marriage. The fact she was there says a lot about her commitment to equal rights for everyone. The San Francisco Gay Pride Parade is about as "out there" as gay pride parades get. She didn't release her position in a ream of documents sent to the media. She stood in the midst of the most gloriously flamboyant, gayest venue of gay pride and declared, "I don't know why somebody else's marriage has anything to do with me, I'm completely comfortable with gay marriage.'' Note that she did not say civil unions; she's talking about the "M" word. Good for her.Her example of how to live with cancer serves as a powerful role model for everyone, not just those with cancer. As a former oncology nurse, I understand the fear that a... More About: Rocks , Beth
Gay Rights & Elizabeth Edwards
2007-06-27 20:21:00 I know Elizabeth Edwards is younger than me by a couple of weeks; but I want to be a lot like her when I grow up. On Sunday, she came out in support of gay marriage. At San Francisco's Gay Pride Parade kickoff event, she spoke about legalizing gay marriage. The fact she was there says a lot about her commitment to equal rights for everyone. The San Francisco Gay Pride Parade is about as "out there" as gay pride parades get. She didn't release her position in a ream of documents sent to the media. She stood in the midst of the most gloriously flamboyant, gayest venue of gay pride and declared, "I don't know why somebody else's marriage has anything to do with me, I'm completely comfortable with gay marriage.'' Note that she did not say civil unions; she's talking about the "M" word. Good for her.Her example of how to live with cancer serves as a powerful role model for everyone, not just those with cancer. As a former oncology nurse, I understand the fear that a... More About: Rights , Gay Rights
Why We Fight
More articles from this author:2007-06-14 04:15:00 This piece is not finished, but I've been itching to get it up (more than any other entry for some strange reason), so I decided to put up the draft.I recently saw the documentary, “Why We Fight ”. It really helped me clarify what we are doing in the Middle East. For over four years we the people, have pressured the White House for an exit strategy in Iraq. We ask for timetables. We want to know when the Iraqis will stand up. And for four years the answer is always the same. We will leave when the mission is completed. The next logical question is, “what is our mission?” Responses are as muddy as the Mississippi. Bush says: the US and allies, “will not live at the mercy of an outlaw regime; that time lines are just what the terrorists want; that we cannot cut and run; we must maintain maximum flexibility; and so it goes. Why are we so dissatisfied with the answers? Because they just don’t make sense. The Bush Administration's explanation is unbelievable bec... 1, 2, 3 |
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