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Holocaust Education and Archive Research Team

Holocaust Education and Archive Research Team
Holocaust Education website with indepth text and graphics on all aspects of the Holocaust
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Articles

Ostbahn - Belzec Transports
2007-12-25 12:43:00
Belzec Transports Georg Holzel ? Ostbahn  "Extract from the Interrogation"   Zwierzyniec station - Belzec Georg Holzel ? Deputy Station Master at Zwierzyniec station in the Lublin District from 1st September 1941 till November 1942. In your capacity as a railway employee, did you ever have to visit the stations at Belzec and Sobibor?   I was in Sobibor twice, I was frequently in Belzec. I estimate 5-6 times.   What were the names of the station masters at these places?   I know that in Sobibor it was Buckstegg who came from the Kleve area, I do not know his rank, he was in any case the station master. I cannot remember the name of the station master in Belzec. I remember especially about Buckstegg that he used the turn of phrase ?Stupid pig,? he ended every telephone conversation with these words.   Did you have any point of contact with the SS-men in Belzec or Sobibor?Read the full story at this URL: Belzec TransportsGeorg Holzel ? Ostbahn E...
Anti-Nazi Resistance
2007-12-20 12:40:00
Sophie Scholl  Sophie Scholl Sophia Scholl was born on May 9, 1921, the daughter of Robert Scholl, the mayor of Forchtenberg. Her full name was Sophia Magdalena Scholl. The family lived in Ludwigsburg, Germany from the summer of 1930 till spring of 1932, after which they moved to Ulm and finally to Munich where Sophie attended a secondary school for girls. At the age of twelve, she was required to join the Bund Deutscher Mädel (League of German Girls) as most young women at the time, but her initial enthusiasm gradually gave way to strong criticism. She was aware of the dissenting political views of her father, of friends, and also of some of her teachers. Political attitude had become an essential criterion in her choice of friends. The arrest of her brothers and friends in 1937 for participating in the German Youth Movement left a strong impression on her.After leaving school in 1940 Sophie became a kindergarten teacher at the Frobel Institute in Ulm-Soflingen. She had c...
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The White Rose "leaflets"
2007-12-19 12:47:00
White Rose Leaflets "Translations of the 6 printed leaflets" Monument to the White Rose Resistance movementRead all the leaflets "in English" here: http://www.holocaustresearchproject.org/r evolt/wrleaflets.htmlThe Holocaust Education & Archive Research Teamwww.HolocaustResearchProject.org
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The White Rose
2007-12-19 12:47:00
The White Rose The White Rose (weisserose), named after a Spanish novel (Rosa Blanco). The Group coordinated efforts on Campus for Civil Rights and Opposition to Nazi policies. Among their efforts on campus were weekly discussion groups, painting 'freedom' on brick walls at the entrance into campus, and distributing leaflets opposing the Reich on moral and political grounds, encouraging students to think for themselves.   The White Rose   Sophie & Hans Scholl with Christoph Probst summer of 1942 In the early summer of 1942, a group of young men — including Willi Graf, Christoph Probst and Hans Schol formed a a non-violent resistance group in Nazi Germany, consisting of a number of students from the University of Munich and their philosophy professor. The group became known for an anonymous leaflet campaign, lasting from June 1942 until February 1943, that called for active opposition to the Nazis regime.   The group co-authored six anti-Nazi Third R...
The Aktion Reinhard Perpetrators Speak
2007-12-17 13:16:00
Belzec, Sobibor & Treblinka Death Camps The Perpetrators Speak        Former Members of the SS-Sonderkommando Belzec describe their experiences in the Belzec death camp in their own words.       Erich Fuchs poses behind a machine gun Erich Fuchs   Upon our arrival in Belzec, we met Friedel Schwarz and the other SS men, whose names I cannot remember. They supervised the construction of barracks that would serve as a gas chamber. Wirth told us that in Belzec ?all the Jews will be struck down.?   For this purpose barracks were built as gas chambers, I installed shower heads in the gas chambers. The nozzles were not connected to any water pipes, they would serve as camouflage for the gas chamber.   For the Jews who were gassed it would seem as if they were being taken to baths and for disinfection. Read the full article at this URL:  http://www.holocaustresearchproject.org/a r/arperpsspeak.htmlThe Holocaust Education...
Stuffhoff "Images of the Nazi Concentration Camp"
2007-12-13 11:58:00
Stutthof Images www.HolocaustResearchProject.org           [Next] [Last] A naked prisoner is led to an execution site in the Stutthof concentration camp 2480 X 29732 KB Autopsy table at Stuffhof800 X 56280 KB Crematorium Ovens at Stutthof733 X 49946 KB Female SS hanged at Stutthof after the war519 X 35441 KB fence and watchtower at Stutthof395 X 60066 KB gallows near the crematorium at Stutthof453 X 60046 KB Himmler Inspects staff at Stutthof418 X 30024 KB Himmler speaking with See the entire image gallery here: http://www.holocaustresearchproject.org/o thercamps/galleries/stutthofgal/index.htm lThe Holocaust Education & Archive Research Teamwww.HolocaustResearchProject.org
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The Holocaust Economics Minister
2007-12-13 11:56:00
Walter Funk   Hand signed post card of Walter Funk Walter Funk was born into a merchant family in Danzkehmen, Kreis Stallupönen, East Prussia. He was the son of Wiesenbaumeister Walther Funk the elder and his wife Sophie (née Urbschat). He studied law, economics, and philosophy at the University of Berlin and the University of Leipzig. In World War I he joined the infantry but was discharged as unfit for service in 1916.   In 1919 Funk married Luise Schmidt-Sieben. Following the war he worked as a journalist, and in 1922 he became the editor of the center-right financial newspaper the Berliner Börsenzeitung. He joined the Nazi Party in 1931, and shortly thereafter became one of Hitler's personal economic advisers.   On 30 January 1933, he was made Press Chief in the Reich Government, and on 11 March 1933 became Under Secretary in the Ministry of Propaganda and shortly thereafter a leading figure in the various Nazi organizations which were used to control the ...
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The Stutthof Concentration Camp
2007-12-10 12:01:00
Stutthof Concentration Camp     The "Death Gate" at Stutthof Sztutowo is the name of a fisherman?s village, located 34 kilometers northeast of Gdansk / Danzig and 3 kilometers from the Baltic coast. With the German invasion of Poland, Sztutowo became Stutthof and entered the halls of history as the wartime site of an infamous concentration camp.   Before the war a wooden home for the elderly was situated in a forest near the village of Stutthof at the base of the Vistula Sandbank, belonging to the Free City of Danzig, now Gdansk.   The site was ideal, beautiful fir and pine forests spotted here and there with silver-birch and oak, together with extensive plains which gave the impression of a land of quiet and beauty. It was therefore not surprising that a home for the elderly was established in one of the most charming corners, a beautiful large house, not far away a glade and at arms length more forests.Read the full article about Stutthof here: http://www....
Freedom of Speech
2007-12-05 10:45:00
Freedom of Speech "A National Treasure"  By Chris Webb [Please note that editorials posted in this section are the sole viewpoints of the individual author and do not necessarily represent any collective opinion of the Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, or the University of Northampton]     On 26 November 2007 the Oxford Union debating society organised an evening debate on Free Speech, featuring David Irving, a British author tried and jailed in Austria during 2005 for denying the holocaust and Nick Griffin, the leader of the far-right British National Party, acquitted by a British court in 2006 of stirring racial hatred.   This provoked an angry protest from fellow students and trade union groups who planned to bus in hundreds of people in an anti-fascist protest, which the police hoped to counter with a ?ring of steel? around the union building in the city centre.     &nbs p;      &nb sp;...
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David Cohen of the Dutch Jewish Council
2007-12-04 12:21:00
David Cohen  The Dutch Jewish Council during the Holocaust David Cohen David Cohen was born in Deventer, Holland in 1882, he was an expert in papyrology and became a professor of ancient history, first in Leyden, and then in Amsterdam.   He was active in Jewish affairs from an early age - he joined the Zionist movement in 1904 and held key posts in it. He was one of the sponsors and organisers of the Zionist Students Union.and the Jewish Youth Federation.   During World War One David Cohen was active in providing assistance to Jewish refugees, mainly from Germany, and became the secretary of the Committee for Refugees. He was a member of the Jewish Council in The Hague and then in Amsterdam and in 1934 was elected to the Standing Committee of the Union of Ashkenazic Communities.   In 1933 when the Nazis rose to power in Germany, it was on Cohen?s initiative that the Comte voor Bijzondere Joodse Belangen (Committee for Special Jewish Affairs) was establ...
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Jewish Councils
2007-12-03 14:25:00
The Judenrat Image Gallery www.HolocaustResearchProject.org     [Next] [Last] A commander of the Polish police in Warsaw, with Adam Czerniaikow, head of the Judenrat in the ghetto, reviewing a formation of Jewish police.752 X 58769 KB A Dutch Jew seeks assistance from the emigration department of the Joodse Raad506 X 80042 KB A group of Judenrat employees in the Lodz ghetto800 X 54691 KB A Jewish clerk in one of the Judenrat departments in the Lodz ghetto.800 X 47282 KBSee the entire gallery at this url:  http://www.holocaustresearchproject.org/g hettos/judenratgal/index.htmlThe Holocaust Education & Archive Research Teamwww.HolocaustResearchProject.org
Nazi Plundering in Holland
2007-11-29 17:34:00
Holocaust Economics An example of Nazi plundering in Holland   " The Bosboom Family "       Looted department of Dutch Jews after they were deported to Westerbork Most studies of the economic plunder of the Jews during the holocaust demonstrate the wider picture, with dazzling lists of property and the vast sums of money stolen by the Nazis.   The following example captures the naked robbery at its most individual, an inventory of the fixtures and fittings from one Jewish family in Amsterdam, the family Bosboom, who all perished in Auschwitz on the 23 July 1942.      Read more here: http://www.holocaustresearchproject.org/e conomics/hollandplunder.htmlThe Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team  www.HolocaustResearchProject.org
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The Reichsbank & The Holocaust
2007-11-27 11:49:00
The Reichsbank & the Holo caust   The Reichsbank 1924 With the creation of the German state in 1871 the currency affairs needed to be controlled centrally. For this purpose the central bank "Deutsche Reichsbank" was founded on 1. January 1876 as a successor of the Prussian state bank. Before unification in 1871, Germany had 31 central banks ? the Notenbanken (note banks). Each of the independent states issued their own money. In 1870, a law was passed that forbade the formation of further central banks. In 1874, a draft banking law was introduced in the Reichstag (the German parliament). After several changes and compromises, the law was passed in 1875. Despite the creation of the Reichsbank, however, four of the Notenbanken ? Baden, Bavaria, Saxony and Württemberg ? continued to exist until 1914.   The Reichsbank was based in Berlin and was headed by the Reichsbankdirektorium (Board of directors of the Reichsbank). Its president was proposed by the German emp...
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Holocaust Resistance in Denmark
2007-11-24 11:07:00
Danish Resistance during the Holo caust [Guest Publication] Hans Holmskov Schlüter   -Copenhagen     At the beginning of World War II, the Scandinavian countries of Denmark , Sweden and Norway declared their neutrality. That means they would not take sides in the conflict. With memories of the devastation of World War I still fresh in the memories of many Danes, the governments thought that by being neutral their citizens would be spared the horrors of this new crisis.  Occupied Denmark This however was not to be the case.The morning of 9 April 1940, German forces crossed the border into neutral Denmark, in direct violation of a German-Danish treaty of non-aggression signed the previous year. In a coordinated operation, German ships began disembarking troops at the docks in Copenhagen. Although outnumbered and poorly equipped, soldiers in several parts of the country offered resistance; most notably the Royal Guard in Copenhagen and units in South Jutland...
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Fate of the Holocaust Perpetrators
2007-11-21 11:56:00
The Capture and Death of Odilo Globocnik Statement by W.K. Hedley          4 January 1964   Dear Mr Dobson,   I attach a statement which should clear this affair up once and for all.   The retranslation of my letter of the 16th of January 1949 is of course erroneous as in it, I stated that Globocnik committed suicide (not attempted suicide).   If you require to get in touch with then Captain Wheeler he is now Lieutenant Colonel G.P.M.C Wheeler, Royal Scots Greys and is commanding the Royal Scots Greys in B.A.O.R.   If, any further corroboration is required I imagine reference to the 4th Hussars War Diary will provide the necessary information.   Yours sincerely, W.K Hedley  Read the full article about the Death of Odilo Globocknik HEREThe Holo caust Education & Archive Research Team   www.HolocaustResearchProject.org
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Euthanasia & the Holocaust
2007-11-19 11:57:00
The T-4 Program Origins, Planning & Staff   Origins of T-4     Nazi Propaganda "Encouragement of genetically healthy families" Until WWI, eugenics in Germany and the U.S. ran parallel courses. By the middle of the 1930's, more than half the states in the United Sates had passed laws that authorized the sterilization of "inmates of mental institutions, persons convicted more than once of sex crimes, those doomed to be feeble-minded by 10 tests, 'moral degenerate persons,' and epileptics." In the famous Carrie Bell case, the Supreme Court upheld the Virginia law ordering her compulsory sterilization and "presaged the arguments used later to justify eugenic killings in Nazi Germany."The idea of enforcing ?racial hygiene? had been an essential element of Hitler?s ideology from its earliest days. Hitler seems to have had a lifelong horror of mental illness and physical deformity. In his discussions with Bouhler and the head of the Reich Chancellery, Hans Lamme...
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Judenrat Efraim Barasz
2007-11-13 14:41:00
Efraim Barasz  Chairman of the Bialystok Judenrat      Efraim Barasz Efraim Barasz was born in 1892 in Volkovysk, Bialystok district, into an affluent and prominent Jewish family. Barasz had both a Jewish and a general education, studying in Germany and earning an engineering degree there.  He joined the Zionist movement while still in his youth. During World War One he lived in Russia with his family, returning to Volkovysk at the war?s end. He became a businessman, was active in many Jewish institutions, and chaired the local Zionist organisation.   Moving to Bialystok in 1934, Barasz kept up his activities in Zionist affairs, and was appointed executive director of the Bialystok Jewish community, a post in which he excelled because of his initiative and his organisational talents.   Rabbi Gedaliah Rosenmann He visited Palestine in the early 1930?s in order to prepare for his family?s immigration there. His son, whom he had e...
Images from the Dachau Concentration Camp
2007-11-12 10:57:00
The Dachau Image Gallery www.HolocaustResearchProject.org       [Next] [Last] U.S. soldiers discovered these boxcars loaded with dead prisoners outside the Dachau camp292 X 24020 KB 45th division news567 X 800108 KB A chart of prisoner markings used in German concentration camps579 X 80070 KB A column of prisoners on a forced march from Dachau concentration camp475 X 33238 KB A german dog killed after liberation800 X 564111 KB A prisoner in a special chamber responds to changing air pressure during high-altitude experiments255 X 37018 KB A prisoner who has been subjected to low pressure experimentation267 X 37020 KB A survior reenact a torture method used on prisoners at Dachau594 X 80073 KBSee the full gallery of Dachau Images HEREThe Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team      & nbsp;               ;       www.holocaustre...
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Holocaust Ghettos
2007-11-11 20:51:00
Przemysl Ghetto Pre-War panorama of Przemysl & Zasanie Przemysl is a city in Poland, situated on the San River, in the Lvov district, Eastern Galicia and before the Second World War approximately 24,000 Jews lived in Przemysl.   The Germans bombed Przemysl on 7 September 1939 and the following day the bombing continued setting fire to the shopping centre Pasaz Gansa.   Many of Przemysl inhabitants fled the city, to escape the bombings, and the Germans entered the city for the first time on 15 September 1939, approximately 20, 000 Jews lived in Przemysl, including refugees from western Poland.   The Germans immediately began to humiliate the Jewish inhabitants and started to arrest members of the Jewish intelligentsia, physicians, lawyers, industrialists and Jewish political activists. Forty-three leading Jewish citizens were arrested, taken for forced labour, savagely beaten and then shot. Among the forty-three was Asscher Gitter, whose son had emigrated...
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Lodz Ghetto
2007-11-09 16:27:00
Hans Biebow The Nazi Administrator in Lodz  Hans Biebow Hans Biebow was born in Bremen, Germany in 1902, the son of Julius Biebow an insurance company director. After graduating from secondary school he entered his father?s company, the district branch of the Stuttgart Insurance Company, as an apprentice   Biebow then joined the cereal and foodstuff bank in Bremen as a trainee from there he went into the cereal business and stayed in this trade until he was twenty-two.   He then went into the coffee trade, after a short period of training with a business friend of his father?s, he opened his own business with very little capital, building over the course of eighteen years into one of the largest companies in Germany, employing approximately 250 workers and office personnel.   When the Lodz ghetto was established in the spring of 1940, Biebow was put in charge of its food and economic office which in October 1940 was re-designated the ghetto administration (...
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Concentration Camp Commandants
2007-11-08 17:49:00
Theodor Eicke Papa Eicke of the Concentration Camp s     Theodor Eicke Theodor Eicke was born in Hudingen Alsace- Lorraine on 17 October 1892, the son of a station-master. He was discharged from the Imperial army after reaching the rank of sub-paymaster and being decorated with the Iron Cross (Second Class).   Eicke joined the police administration in Thuringia after qualifying as an inspector in 1920, he was briefly employed by the security police and the criminal police and by the police administration in Ludwigshafen on the Rhine.   He lost various jobs because of his anti-republican political activities, but in 1923 he was hired as a commercial executive by I.G. Farben (Ludwigshafen), also looking after their anti-espionage service.   Eicke joined the Nazi Party and the SA on 1 December 1928 and was transferred to the SS on 20 August 1930 where he was quickly promoted. Appointed SS-Standartenfuhrer on 15 November 1931, he was put in charge of the SS...
The Nazi Concentration Camp System
2007-11-07 13:22:00
Dachau The 1st Concentration Camp     View of the Dachau moat & fence Dachau one of the first concentration camps established by the Nazi s, was located in the small town of Dachau approximately 10 miles northwest of Munich.  The location at Dachau was selected by the Nazis because it was the site of an empty munitions factory from World War One, which was ideal for the establishment of a camp.   The opening of the camp, with a capacity for 5,000 prisoners was announced by Heinrich Himmler, Reichsfuhrer SS at a press conference held on 20 March 1933. The first group of so-called protective-custody, consisting mainly of Communists and Social Democrats was brought to the camp on 22 March 1933. They were guarded by Bavarian state police until the camp was taken over by the SS on 11 April 1933.  Read more HEREThe Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team www.HolocaustResearchProject.org Holocaust , Anti-Semitism , Genocide, Ghettos,&...
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Allied reports on the Holocaust
2007-11-05 11:00:00
POLISH FORT-NIGHTLY REVIEW  "Polish Protest" A Polish Policeman?s Story  lll A Polish Policeman?s Story     The monstrous liquidation of the Warsaw ghetto is going ahead swiftly. Of the some 400,000 Jews in the ghetto, down to August 11th inclusive some 180,000 have been carried off.   Police police on patrol in Warsaw The Jewish community has given the official number of deportees as 160,000 (The usually accepted figure for the population of the ghetto, over 500,000, is fictitious, and was arrived at owing to the fact that the Jewish Community reported a larger number of Jews in the ghetto than there actually were, in order to obtain a surplus number of ration cards. There were between 100,000 and 150,000 such surplus cards in use.)   Jews employed in factories inside the ghetto, and living with their families within the walls surrounding the factory buildings or living in certain blocks of residential buildings inhabited only by workers an...
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SS Leaders in Poland
2007-11-02 08:41:00
Wilhelm RosenbaumThe Commandant of the Sipo ?SD School in Bad Rabka   Wilhelm Rosenbaum (left) at Bad Rabka Wilhelm Rosenbaum was born on the 27 April, 1915 in Prenzlauer Berg, Berlin. His father, Peter Rosenbaum was a municipal worker at the central covered market at the Alexanderplatz. His mother died when Wilhelm was just one year old. His father re-married which brought forth the stepbrother of Wilhelm, Franz, born in 1910. He has been listed as missing since the Second World War. The second marriage was dissolved after three years. In about 1917/18, his father married a third time. From this marriage comes the other stepbrother Kurt, born in 1919. He lives today in Freyburg.Wilhelm had an unhappy childhood, experienced rejection and had to stand on his own two feet at a relatively early age. He spent his childhood with father and stepmother in Berlin, in a 3 room apartment. Since this accommodation quickly proved insufficient, Wilhelm was found a place in a catholic b...
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Schools for Scoundrels
2007-10-31 08:57:00
Bad Rabka and Zakopane ? SD School?s   "The Schools for Scoundrels"    Establishment of SD School at Zakopane   "The School of Terror" at Bad Rabka (photo circa 2006) During the first months after the occupation of Poland, the Commander ?in ? Chief of the Security Police (Befehlshaber der Sicherheitspolizei und des Sicherheitsdienst) SS- Brigadefuhrer Bruno Streckenbach founded the Sipo- SD School close to the Slovak border in Zakopane.  Zakopane a winter resort at the bottom of the high Tatra mountains, the purpose of the school was to train selected candidates of the Sipo-SD, collaborating Ukrainians, Polish Police Officers and other Sipo-SD personnel including intelligence gathering sympathisers (V- Agents) under the leadership of the Commandant SS- Hauptsturmfuhrer Hans Kruger.   Zakopane was turned into an entertainment centre for senior officers of the SS and Werhmacht, all Jews were supposed to have been removed from the district by the end...
Gestapo Müller
2007-10-26 08:16:00
Heinrich Müller Heinrich Müller Heinrich Müller was Head of the Gestapo during World War Two and Adolf Eichmann?s immediate superior, responsible for implementing the ?Final Solution?.Heinrich Müller was born in Munich on 28 April 1901, of Catholic parents. During the Great War he served as a flight leader on the eastern front and was awarded the Iron Cross First Class.After the war the ambitious Müller made his career in the Bavarian police, specialising in the surveillance of Communist Party functionaries and making a special study of Soviet police methods.Partly because of his expertise in the field, he was picked out by Reinhard Heydrich to be his closest associate and second-in ?command of the Gestapo.From 1935 the short, stocky Bavarian, with the square head of a peasant and a hard, dry, expressionless face, was virtual head of the Gestapo, even though he was not initially a member of the Nazi Party.Read more HERE      & nbsp;  &nb...
Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team List of Ghettos during the Holo
2007-10-24 13:47:00
The Grodno Ghetto   The ghetto in Grodno During the interwar period Grodno a city in the western part of Belorussia was part of Poland, however, in September 1939 it was occupied by the Soviet forces and annexed to the Soviet Union, as part of the Ribbentrop ? Molotov pact.   Grodno had one of the oldest and largest Jewish communities with numerous social and cultural institutions and was a well-known centre of Zionism, on the eve of the Second World War Grodno?s Jewish population was circa 25,000.   On the first day of Operation Barbarossa ? the German name for the invasion of the Soviet Union, the Germans reached Grodno on 22 June 1941.   As soon as the Nazis entered the city, they forced all male Jews aged sixteen to sixty on forced labour, the following month eighty Jews belonging to the intelligentsia were murdered.   A Gestapo office (Nebenstelle) was established in Grodno dealing with Jewish affairs, initially headed by Kriminalsekretar Gross, a...
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The Judenrat
2007-10-22 12:01:00
The Juden rat "Council of Elders"   Meeting of the Jewish council in the Lodz ghetto The name Judenrat refers to the Jewish Councils established on German orders in the Jewish Communities of Nazi occupied Europe. Jewish councils were first instituted in occupied Poland following instructions given by Reinhard Heydrich on 21 September 1939, and through an order promulgated by Hans Frank, the Gouvenor of the General Government, on 18 November 1939 and subsequently in other countries occupied by the Nazis.   The Jewish Councils did not have a uniform structure, some of them held authority in one location only, whilst others administered Jewish communities throughout a district or even an entire country. The role played by the Judenrat in Jewish public life during the holocaust is one of the most controversial issues.   Some historians believe that the Judenrat had a debilitating effect on the strength of the Jewish communities, whereas other historians argue that ...
Auschwitz & Birkenau Images
2007-10-19 10:44:00
Auschwitz - Birkenau Period Photos www.holocaustresearchproject.org     [Next] [Last] Arrival at Birkenau640 X 47863 KB Birkenau500 X 33323 KB Auschwitz tattoo557 X 41154 KB Auschwitz Children by the wire241 X 37024 KB Auschwitz corpses in the main camp450 X 32730 KB Auschwitz dwarfs503 X 30038 KB Auschwitz gate 1940677 X 51299 KB Auschwitz III 1944 aerial reconnaissance760 X 610112 KB Auschwitz liberation320 X 43332 KB Auschwitz Mens camp480 X 30332 KB Auschwitz survivors412 X 30534 KB Auschwitz10336 X 23525 KBSee the entire Gallery HERE
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The Lodz Ghetto
2007-10-17 11:06:00
The Mendel Grossman GalleryImages from the Lodz Ghetto   www.holocaustresearchproject.org       [Next] [Last] Children in Lodz460 X 33650 KB Deportations494 X 34542 KB Forced deportation490 X 33438 KB         ;      &nbs p;      &nb sp;      &n bsp;      & nbsp; See all images in the gallery HEREThe HolocaustResearchProject
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