BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

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CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY
2008-01-22 08:33:00
Confocal microscopy is an optical imaging technique used to increase micrograph contrast and/or to reconstruct three-dimensional images by using a spatial pinhole to eliminate out-of-focus light or flare in specimens that are thicker than the focal plane. This technique has been gaining popularity in the scientific and industrial communities. Typical applications include life sciences and semiconductor inspection.Confocal microscopy enables the visualization and imaging of fixed as well as living cells and tissues that contain fluorescent probes (antibodies, green fluorescent proteins, dyes, substrates). This technique allows sharply defined optical sections to be collected, from which three dimensional rendering and movies can be created.(Human cytomegalovirus infected human endothelial cells. Multicolor Immunofluorescence (IF). Blue: DAPI = cellular DNA. Green = GFP (green fluorescence protein). Red + Magenta = two different viral proteins. Captured with a Zeiss LSM510 laser scann...
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DIGITAL ISSUE OF OPTICS & LASER JAN 2008
2008-01-21 16:54:00
HIGHLIGHTS OF THIS DIGITAL EDITION :FIBRE LASER MARKET REPORT: Fibre laser developers face tough challenges in 2008 as the lasers move into markets where they have less of a cost or performance advantage. Tom Hausken provides an overview of the fibre laser market.PHOTOVOLTAICS: OLE speaks to Steve Eglash about investment trends and emerging technologies in today's solar market.SILICON PHOTONICS: OLE asks Mario Paniccia of Intel what developments he expects to see in 2008.QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY: Momentum is building in the quantum cryptography market. id Quantique discusses real-world applications and new product releases that will widen the technique's reach.PHOTONICS WEST PREVIEW: OLE provides a sneak preview of some of the new products that will be unveiled at Photonics West.Click here to download the entire issue as a PDF file right now or read ONLINE.
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BIOSIGNALS
2007-10-09 14:01:00
Biosignal is a summarizing term for all kinds of signals that can be (continually) measured and monitored from biological beings. The term biosignal is often used to mean bio-electrical signal but in fact, biosignal refers to both electrical and non-electrical signals.Electrical biosignals ("bio-electrical" signals) are usually taken to be (changes in) electrical currents produced by the sum of electrical potential differences across a specialized tissue, organ or cell system like the nervous system. Thus, among the best-known bio-electrical signals are :1.)Electroencephalogram (EEG)2.)Magnetoencephalogram (MEG)3.)Galvanic skin response (GSR)4.)Electrocardiogram (ECG)5.)Electromyogram (EMG)Electrical currents and changes in electrical resistances across tissues can also be measured from plants.Bio-signals may also refer to any non-electrical signal that is capable of being monitored from biological beings, such as mechanical signals (e.g. the mechanomyogram or MMG), acoustic signals...

BIONICS
2007-10-09 13:32:00
Bionics (also known as biomimetics, biognosis, biomimicry, or bionical creativity engineering) is the application of methods and systems found in nature to the study and design of engineering systems and modern technology.Some dictionaries, however, explain the word as being formed from "biology" + "electronics".The transfer of technology between lifeforms and synthetic constructs is desirable because evolutionary pressure typically forces natural systems to become highly optimized and efficient. A classical example is the development of dirt- and water-repellent paint (coating) from the observation that the surface of the lotus flower plant is practically unsticky for anything (the lotus effect). Examples of bionics in engineering include the hulls of boats imitating the thick skin of dolphins; sonar, radar, and medical ultrasound imaging imitating the echolocation of bats.In the field of computer science, the study of bionics has produced artificial neurons, artificial neural netw...

ARTIFICIAL ORGAN
2007-09-13 10:46:00
An artificial organ is a man-made organ that is implanted into, or integrated onto, a human to replace a natural organ, for the purpose of restoring a specific function or a group of related functions so the patient may return to as normal a life as possible. The replaced function doesn't necessarily have to be related to life support, but often is.Implied by this definition is the fact that the device must not need to be continuously tethered to a stationary power supply, or other stationary resources, such as filters or chemical processing units. (Periodic rapid recharging of batteries, refilling of chemicals, and/or cleaning/replacing of filters, would not exclude a device from being called an artificial organ.) Thus a dialysis machine, while a very successful and critically important life support device that completely replaces the duties of a kidney, is not an artificial organ. At this time a successful portable self-contained artificial kidney has not become available.Reasons...
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EMBEDDED SHOES
2007-09-09 15:45:00
Embedded-technology developers have identified their next frontier, and it starts at your feet.VectraSense Technologies Inc. (Beverly, Mass.) has designed a smart shoe, that will let shoes exchange information so people can communicate via their footwear. Adidas (Portland, Ore.) produced microprocessor-equipped running shoes, that can adapt to a runner's size, speed and fatigue level.And at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, researchers developed shoes that do everything from providing gait therapy to generating power for wearable electronics.For now, experts say smart shoes may be no more than a niche — but with some 12 billion feet in the total available market, it's a niche with potential. What's more, they say, the advent of Microprocessors in shoes could signal a broader trend. Adidas engineers say adding embedded intelligence to a running shoe solves a longstanding problem: Ever since running gained widespread popularity during the 1970s, shoe manufacturers have ...
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GPS EMBEDDED SNEAKERS
2007-09-09 15:14:00
Miami based Isaac Daniel’s Compass Global 1000(TM)pushes the limits of how technology can function in footwear with GPS tracking abilities.The GPS technology, embedded into seven different men’s and women’s sneaker models with 19 color combinations, are outfitted with a microcomputer with satellite tracking communication that, in the event of a perceived crisis by the wearer, can activate a Covert Alarm Locator. The alarm generates an emergency signal to the company’s ID Conex monitoring station, pinpointing the shoes’ location anywhere on the earth’s surface. The whereabouts of the wearer are then communicated to law enforcement authorities.The need for Daniel’s line of Quantum Satellite Technology across a broad range of demographic groups has been proven. The company is currently in negotiations to market the Compass Global sneaker — and in the future, boots and shoes — to various military outfits, caretakers of those suffering from Alzheimer’s disease, and pa...
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HCL LIFE SCIENCES & HEALTHCARE
2007-09-09 15:13:00
HCL is one of the early movers in the Life Sciences and Heal thcare space. The Life Sciences practice started in 2002 and within a short span of time has emerged as the fastest growing vertical at HCL with a y-on-y growth of over 100%.HCL is the First Indian Company to have an ISO 13485 certification for design and development of medical devices.It has branches in various countries like US, Europe,Australia, NewZealans, Hongkong, Malaysia, Singapore, Japan. It is also one of the few offshore IT providers for the validation services. It has FDA compliant QMS. HCL is doing some high end work for designs across all classes of medical devices (class I,II, II) with focus on effective risk management flow for software hazard analysis, failure mode effect analysis and worst case and reliability analysis.HCL has been delivering significant value for its Life Science customers through the integrated package of process management, software services and infrastructure management. On a continuou...

EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
2007-09-08 22:46:00
An embedded system is a special-purpose computer system designed to perform one or a few dedicated functions. It is usually embedded as part of a complete device including hardware and mechanical parts. In contrast, a general-purpose computer, such as a personal computer, can do many different tasks depending on programming.Since the system is dedicated to specific tasks, design engineers can optimize it, reducing the size and cost of the product, or increasing the reliability and performance. Some embedded systems are mass-produced, benefiting from economies of scale.Physically, embedded systems range from portable devices such as digital watches and MP3 players, to large stationary installations like traffic lights, factory controllers, or the systems controlling nuclear power plants. Complexity varies from low, with a single microcontroller chip, to very high with multiple units, peripherals and networks mounted inside a large chassis or enclosure.In general, "embedded system" is...
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BIOMEDICAL STUDENT PROJECTS
2007-09-07 03:57:00
Various biomedical projects' titles and abstracts are found in these following educational institutions:1.) University of Wisconsin2.) South Dakota State University3.) Michigan Tech4.) Monash University5.) BiomedicalProjects .com
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JOBS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
2007-09-07 03:46:00
Here are several web sites available to those searching for a job in the exciting field of biomedical engineering.Minnesota has long been known to host numerous biomedical companies as is indicated by the University of Minnesota listing of more than 1200 biomedical engineering-related industries in Minnesota. Click here to see their MBBNet Industry database.If your biomedical engineering job interest includes working anywhere in the U.S., you should look at the web site of Biomedical Engineering Network (BMEnet)Perhaps your interest is in applying your engineering expertise to assist those who need rehabilitative engineering and assistive technology. This is also a very rewarding career path as your work directly benefits some of our society’s most grateful and needy people. If this sounds attractive, you might want to look for jobs at the web site of the Rehabilitative Engineering and Assistive Technology Society of North America. Their site includes a job bank and they provide t...
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SINGAPORE - BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES HUB
2007-09-05 18:37:00
Singapore government has the vision of being a hub for biomedical sciences. Dr Tony Tan Keng Yam, Deputy Prime Minister And Minister for Defence, in his speech at the launch of the Life Science Joint Ventures Initiatives, said that “comprising pharmaceuticals, medical devices, biotechnology and healthcare services, Singapore aims to be internationally recognised as a biomedical sciences hub, carrying out innovative research in the basic, applied and clinical areas”.The government tries to achieve this by setting up research infrastructure and attracting foreign scientists to do their research in Singapore, as well as laying out a set of permissive regulations on controversial research.Singapore's Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) was set up to foster world-class scientific research and human capital for a vibrant knowledge based Singapore , under the aegis of Ministry of Trade and Industry of Singapore. Its Biomedical Research Council oversees the development...
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GE HEALTHCARE
2007-09-05 18:17:00
GE Heal thcare is a $18 billion (USD) unit of General Electric (GE). It employs more than 46,000 people worldwide and is headquartered in Chalfont St. Giles, Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom. GE Healthcare is the first GE business segment headquartered outside the United States. In 2004, just before the completion of the $9 billion acquisition of U.K.-based Amersham plc, the formerly named GE Medical Systems was renamed GE Healthcare.GE Healthcare has a broad range of products and services that include medical imaging and information technologies, medical diagnostics, patient monitoring systems, performance improvement solutions, drug discovery, and biopharmaceutical manufacturing technologies. These enable healthcare providers to better diagnose and treat cancer, heart disease, neurological diseases, and other conditions earlier. The company's vision for the future is to enable a new "early health" model of care focused on earlier diagnosis, pre-symptomatic disease detection and dis...

SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS
2007-09-05 18:06:00
A surgical instrument is a specially designed tool or device for performing specific actions of carrying out desired effects during a surgery or operation, such as modifying biological tissue, or to provide access or viewing it. Over time, many different kinds of surgical instruments and tools have been invented. Some surgical instruments are designed for general use in surgery, while others are designed for a specific procedure or surgery. Accordingly, the nomenclature of surgical instruments follows certain patterns, such as a description of the action it performs (for example, scalpel, hemostat), the name of its inventor(s) (for example, the Kocher forceps), or a compound scientific name related to the kind of surgery (for example, atracheotome is a tool used to perform a tracheotomy).The expression surgical instrumentation is somewhat interchangeably used with surgical instruments, but its meaning in medical jargon is really the activity of providing assistance to a surgeon with...
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HOME MEDICAL EQUIPMENT
2007-09-05 17:53:00
Home medical equipment is a category of devices used for patients whose care is being managed from a home or other private facility managed by a nonprofessional caregiver or family member. It is often referred to as "durable" medical equipment (DME) as it is intended to withstand repeated use by non-professionals or the patient, and is appropriate for use in the home.Medical supplies of an expendable nature, such as bandages, rubber gloves and irrigating kits are not considered by Medicare to be DME.Within the US medical and insurance industries, the following acronyms are used to describe home medical equipment:DME: Durable Medical Equipment HME: Home Medical EquipmentDMEPOS: Durable Medical Equipment, Prosthetics, Orthotics and Supplies.TYPESAir ioniserAir purifierArtificial limbBreast prothesesCannulaCommodesCrutchDiabetic shoesDynamic splintEnteral nutritionInfusion pumpNasal cannulaNebulizerOrthosisOxygen concentratorPatient liftPositive airway pressure (CPAP)ProsthesisRespirato...
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DURABLE MEDICAL EQUIPMENT
2007-09-05 17:50:00
Durable medical equipment is a term of art used to describe certain Medicare benefits, that is, whether Medicare may pay for the item. The item is defined by Title XVIII the Social Security Act:(n) The term “durable medical equipment” includes iron lungs, oxygen tents, hospital beds, and wheelchairs (which may include a power-operated vehicle that may be appropriately used as a wheelchair, but only where the use of such a vehicle is determined to be necessary on the basis of the individual's medical and physical condition and the vehicle meets such safety requirements as the Secretary may prescribe) used in the patient's home (including an institution used as his home other than an institution that meets the requirements of subsection (e)(1) of this section or section 1819(a)(1)), whether furnished on a rental basis or purchased, and includes blood-testing strips and blood glucose monitors for individuals with diabetes without regard to whether the individual has Type I or Typ...
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CLASSIFICATION OF MEDICAL DEVICES
2007-09-05 17:29:00
EUROPEAN DEFINITION OF MEDICAL DEVICESCOUNCIL DIRECTIVE 93/42/EEC of 14 June 1993 concerning medical devices defines a ‘medical device’ as:any instrument, apparatus, appliance, material or other article, whether used alone or in combination, including the software necessary for its proper application intended by the manufacturer to be used for human beings for the purpose of:— diagnosis, prevention, monitoring, treatment or alleviation of disease,— diagnosis, monitoring, treatment, alleviation of or compensation for an injury or handicap,— investigation, replacement or modification of the anatomy or of a physiological process,— control of conception, and which does not achieve its principal intended action in or on the human body by pharmacological, immunological or metabolic means, but which may be assisted in its function by such means The Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) regulates medical devices in the UK under European legislation. Medical ...
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MEDICAL EQUIPMENT
2007-09-05 16:05:00
Medical equipment is designed to aid in the diagnosis, monitoring or treatment of medical conditions. These devices are usually designed with rigorous safety standards.There are several basic types:1.)DIAGNOSTIC EQUIPMENTDiagnostic equipment includes medical imaging machines, used to aid in diagnosis. Examples are ultrasound and MRI machines, PET and CT scanners, and x-ray machines.(ULTRASOUND SCANNER)(MRI SCANNER)(PET MACHINE)(CT SCANNER)(DIGITAL X-RAY MACHINE)2.)THERAPEUTIC EQUIPMENTSTherapeutic equipment includes infusion pumps, medical lasers and LASIK surgical machines.(INFUSION PUMPS)(SYRINGE PUMPS)(MEDICAL LASER)(LASIK SURGERY)3.)LIFE SAVING EQUIPMENTSLife support equipment is used maintain a patient's bodily function. These include medical ventilators, heart-lung machines, ECMO, and dialysis machines.(PATIENT VENTILATORS)(HEART LUNG MACHINE)(HEMODIALYSIS MACHINE)4.)MEDICAL MONITORSMedical monitors allow medical staff to measure a patient's medical state. Monitors may measu...
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CLINICAL ENGINEERING
2007-09-05 01:28:00
Clinical engineering is a specialty responsible for applying engineering technology for the improvement and delivery of health services. While some trace its roots back to the 1940s, the term "clinical engineering" was first used in 1969. Over the years, the field has changed from an initial focus on research activities to its current emphasis on equipment maintenance activities. Attempts have been made to broaden the scope of clinical engineering activities to encompass activities such as pre-purchase equipment evaluation, incident investigation, equipment management, productivity, cost effectiveness, information systems integration, and patient safety activities; however, all of these have met with limited success.HISTROY OF CLINICAL ENGINEERING Depending upon whom you are asking, the history of the application of engineering to medicine can be traced back decades or centuries. For example, Stephen Hales's work in the early 1700s which led to the invention of a ventilator and the...
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National Conference On Biomedical Engineering, Manipal(India)
2007-09-04 21:34:00
4 th Oct 07 - 6th Oct 07Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal(India ) is celebrating Golden Jubilee in the year 2007. Department of Biomedical Engineering is organizing the following two technical events, in association with Biomedical Engineering Society of India (BMESI):National workshop on Biomechanics - NWBM2007: October 4, 2007: The workshop is to provide the participants an insight into the developments in the field of Biomechanics and rehabilitation engineering. This provides an opportunity for the participants to seek new avenues for research and developments in the above areas.National Conference on Biomedical Engineering - NCBME2007: October 5-6, 2007: The conference is to bring experts in engineering and medicine, academicians, professional engineers, researchers, consultants and industry experts on a common platform to exchange ideas relating to recent developments and trends in Biomedical Engineering.For more details, visit Manipal Institute of Technology

21ST EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON BIOMATERIALS
2007-09-04 21:22:00
The Dome, Brighton, East Sussex, UK 9-13th September 2007The organising committee of the 21st European Conference on Biomaterials warmly invite you to attend this annual meeting of the European Society of Biomaterials (ESB2007) to be held in Brighton, UK from the 9th to 13th September 2007.This rapidly expanding interdisciplinary European scientific community will explore the latest approaches in the development of high performance biomedical materials through award lectures, invited keynote lectures, oral and poster presentations. To encourage cross-disciplinary exchange, various other European organisations will be co-sponsoring individual scientific sessions. This meeting will challenge the role of traditional biomaterials in clinical practice and review the latest pioneering developments in material design, evaluation and manufacture for tissue engineering, reconstruction and regeneration. In particular, the meeting will be seeking to encourage scientists, industrialists and cli...
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Lasers & Photonics Marketplace Seminar 2008
2007-09-04 18:06:00
About This Seminar Based on the Laser Focus World Annual Market Review and Forecast, the seminar provides business leaders, investors, and technology analysts with the only comprehensive applications-oriented review of worldwide laser markets, coupled with discussions of key business and technology trends for the laser and optoelectronics markets. The meeting also provides attendees with a unique forum for networking. What Makes this Seminar Unique?The Lasers and Photonics Marketplace Seminar is the only event anywhere in the world that focuses on the entire laser marketplace and presents quantitative data with analysis of market trends segmented by both applications and laser technology. It provides laser makers and their suppliers with a comprehensive perspective that is unobtainable elsewhere. Who Should Attend?This seminar is targeted at chief executive officers, technology officers, marketing managers, and business managers at laser and laser system manufacturers and their compo...
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WORLD LASER EXPO 2007
2007-09-04 17:57:00
ALAC World Laser Expo 2007, scheduled for September 24-26 in Burlington, MA, is a dedicated laser applications conference and exposition that will provide a forum to address applications, processes, engineering development, and system integration. The keynote session, Business - Investments & Market Perspectives, chaired by Bill Shiner, vice president IPG Photonics, will include a presentation by Dr. Tom Hausken, director of photonics market research at Strategies Unlimited, offering a market perspective on fiber lasers and other industrial lasers. The session opens with a presentation by John Harmon, Needham, titled, "Investing in Laser Stocks: Not Science Fiction." On Tuesday, September 25th, Todd Rockstroh, GE, is chairing the session Industry Focus: Laser applications/transportation, which will include presentations on advanced laser welding head for future automotive body assembly applications, laser marking and engraving with integrated through-the-lens vision, and high-speed ...

Optics & Laser Europe: September 2007 e-Magazine
2007-09-04 17:35:00
September 2007 digital issue of Optics & Laser Europe is now available for download.Simply click here to begin reading, and make sure you don’t miss the following highlights:1.) BACK CHAT: Having closed the Melles Griot in July, CVI's CEO gives OLE a behind-the-scenes look at what the acquisition process involved. 2.) MARKET REPORT: How is Europe placed in the image sensor market? Analyst Tom Hausken of Strategies Unlimited discusses regional revenue shares. 3.)BIOMEDICINE: Supercontinuum sources are being adopted by an increasing number of biomedical applications. OLE finds out what performance improvements have made this possible. 4.) VCSELs: Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers have long been associated with the datacom market but the laser's emission properties are now proving useful in applications such as optical mice and atomic clocks. If you prefer, you can move the issue to your computer for off-line reading in PDF format. Click here to download the entire issue as a...
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STATE FLOW
2007-09-02 20:44:00
Developed by The MathWorks, State flow is an interactive design and simulation tool for event-driven systems. Stateflow provides the language elements required to describe complex logic in a natural, readable, and understandable form. It is tightly integrated with MATLAB and Simulink, providing an efficient environment for designing embedded systems that contain control, supervisory, and mode logic.Stateflow charts enable the graphical representation of hierarchical and parallel states and the event-driven transitions between them. Stateflow augments traditional Harel statecharts with the capabilities of control flow, MATLAB and graphical functions, truth tables, temporal operators, directed-event broadcasting, and support for integrating hand-written C code.To know more about STATEFLOW , visit MATHWORKS
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SIMULINK
2007-09-02 20:20:00
Simulink, developed by The MathWorks, is a tool for modeling, simulating and analyzing multidomain dynamic systems. Its primary interface is a graphical block diagramming tool and a customizable set of block libraries. It offers tight integration with the rest of the MATLAB environment and both drive MATLAB or be scripted from it. USES OF SIMULINK Simulink is widely used in control theory and digital signal processing for multidomain simulation and design.(DSP & SIMULINK)A number of MathWorks and third-party hardware and software products are available for use with Simulink.SIMULINK & CODE GENERATIONCoupled with Real-Time Workshop, another product from The MathWorks, Simulink can automatically generate C code for real-time implementation of systems. As the efficiency and flexibility of the code improves, this is becoming more widely adopted for production systems, in addition to being a popular tool for embedded system design work because of its flexibility and capacity for quick it...

MATLAB
2007-09-02 17:59:00
MATLAB is a numerical computing environment and programming language. Created by The MathWorks. MATLAB allows :i.)easy matrix manipulation, ii.)plotting of functions and data, iii.)implementation of algorithms,iv.)creation of user interfaces, v.)interfacing with programs in other languages. Although it specializes in numerical computing, an optional toolbox interfaces with the Maple symbolic engine, allowing it to be part of a full computer algebra system.As of 2004, MATLAB was used by more than one million people in industry and academia.HISTORY OF MATLABShort for "matrix laboratory", MATLAB was invented in the late 1970s by Cleve Moler, then chairman of the computer science department at the University of New Mexico. He designed it to give his students access to LINPACK and EISPACK without having to learn Fortran. It soon spread to other universities and found a strong audience within the applied mathematics community. (MR.CLEVE MOLER)Jack Little, an engineer, was exposed to it du...
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HEARING AID
2007-08-24 07:05:00
A hearing aid is a device used to help hard-of-hearing people hear sounds better. In the past, a funnel-like amplification cone, called an "ear trumpet" or "ear horn" was used. Also sometimes used was a desk with a built-in amplifier into which a microphone and earphones could be plugged; these worked better than passive ear trumpets but were not portable.Now, however, the most common style is a small electronic device that fits into the wearer's ear. The first variety of this device had a rectangular battery pack connected by a thin wire, intended to be held in a pocket. Such "body aids," though much more portable than the desk type, still suffered significant disadvantages due to sub-optimal microphone placement. Since the microphone was not near the user's head, it was susceptible to interfering sounds such as clothing-noise. Sound input was also distorted if the microphone was located below the mouth of a person with whom the user was conversing.During the mid- to late 20th ce...
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INFANT RADIANT WARMERS
2007-08-23 19:54:00
A radiant warmer is used to keep infant's core temperature stable at 37C°. NEED FOR WARMINGThe core temperature of the human body needs to be kept at a constant temperature of 37 degrees Celsius. Premature infants need to use as little energy as possible in keeping warm or cool, using it for growth instead. If the temperature goes too high or too low, then the organs can be damaged and illness or death can result. The radiant warmer is used in a number of different situations: to warm a baby directly after birth, to regulate a baby’s temperature during long term care in hospital, to keep the patient warm during or after surgery, to keep a patient warm when they are minimally covered (because they are having a procedure or need to be accessible)WORKING OF RADIANT WARMERThe patient lies on a bed with the skin exposed. The radiant warmer element is positioned above the patient. The warmer element emits heat radiation, which is absorbed by the patient’s skin and warms the patient....
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INFANT PHOTOTHERAPY
2007-08-21 21:32:00
The phototherapy light shines light onto the baby’s skin. The light must be the correct wavelength (colour) and the correct intensity (brightness). It is used for treating a condition called Jaundice or Hyperbilirubinemia.Jaundice or HyperbilirubinemiaWhen red blood cells die and are broken down, a chemical called “bilirubin” is produced. Normally the bilirubin is processed by the liver and excreted from the body by the kidneys in the urine. The baby’s liver sometimes cannot process the bilirubin quickly enough and it begins to build up in the blood. Bilirubin is deposited in the skin, whites of the eyes, and mucous membranes (for example the inside of the mouth). When this occurs, the baby appears yellow and is said to be “Jaundiced”. Usually Jaundice disappears in 1-2 weeks and does not require special treatment. Some bilirubin in the blood is normal but when the concentration rises too high it is dangerous hyperbilirubinemia. An excessive level of bilirubin can lead t...
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