PagKis - Software Testing

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Testing Principles
2007-10-05 20:51:00
- A necessary part of a test case is a definition of the expected output or result. - A programmer should avoid attempting to test his or her own program. - A programming organization should not test its own programs. - Thoroughly inspect the results of each test. - Test cases must be written for input conditions that are invalid and unexpected, as well as for those that are valid and expected.- Examining a program to see if it does not do what it is supposed to do is only half the battle; the other half is seeing whether the program does what it is not supposed to do.- Avoid throwaway test cases unless the program is truly a throwaway program.- Do not plan a testing effort under the tacit assumption that no errors will be found.- The probability of the existence of more errors in a section of a program is proportional to the number of errors already found in that section.- Testing is an extremely creative and intellectually challenging task.
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Testing - NAS (Network Attached Storage)
2007-10-04 16:51:00
All media appear to be going digital these days, including your photos, music, home movies, and even television. But where do you store your ever expanding media collection so that the rest of your family can access it seamlessly across your home network? Or how do you make files accessible to your networked coworkers in a small office without investing in an expensive file server? Enter the relatively new product category of network-attached storage (NAS). While storage capacity, functionality, and ease of use are all important variables to consider, performance should not be overlooked. Not all NAS devices are created equal, and you'll really feel the difference when you're waiting for those huge files to open. In order to deliver relevant performance evaluations of NAS devices, companies Labs puts them through their paces with the real-world tasks of reading and writing files.Test environment: Network -attached storage devices are tested using a Netgear GS605 five-port Gigabit E...
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QTP Interview Questions
2007-10-03 10:23:00
1. How Does Run time data (Parameterization) is handled in QTP?A). You can then enter test data into the Data Table, an integrated Spreadsheet with the full functionality of Excel, to manipulate data Sets and create multiple test iterations, without programming, to Expand test case coverage. Data can be typed in or imported from Databases, spreadsheets, or text files. 2) What is keyword view and Expert view in QTP?A) Quick Test’s Keyword Driven approach, test automation experts Have full access to the underlying test and object properties, via an integrated scripting and debugging environment that is round-trip synchronized with the Keyword View.Advanced testers can view and edit their tests in the Expert View, which reveals the underlying industry-standard VBScript that Quick Test Professional automatically generates. Any changes made in the Expert View are automatically synchronized with the Keyword View. 3) Explain about the Test Fusion Report of QTP?A) Once a tester has run a ...
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Validation vs Verification
2007-10-02 12:03:00
Validation: The process of evaluating software at the end of the software development process to ensure compliance with software requirements. It is actual testing of the application.1. Am I building the right product.2. Determining if the system complies with the requirements and performs functions for which it is intended and meets the organization’s goals and user needs. It is traditional and is performed at the end of the project.3. Am I accessing the right data (in terms of the data required to satisfy the requirement).4. High level activity.5. Performed after a work product is produced against established criteria ensuring that the product integrates correctly into the environment.6. Determination of correctness of the final software product by a development project with respect to the user needs and requirements. Verification : The process of determining whether of not the products of a given phase of the software development cycle meet the implementation steps and can be tr...
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Pairwise Testing
2007-10-02 07:52:00
Pairwise testing is an effective test case generation technique that is based on the observation that most faults are caused by interactions of at most two factors. Pairwise-generated test suites cover all combinations of two therefore are much smaller than exhaustive ones yet still very effective in finding defects.All-pairs testing or pairwise testing is a combinatorial software testing method that, for each pair of input parameters to a system (typically, a software algorithm) tests all possible discrete combinations of those parameters. Using carefully chosen test vectors, this can be done much faster than an exhaustive search of all combinations of all parameters, by "parallelizing" the tests of parameter pairs. The number of tests is typically O(nm), where n and m are the number of possibilities for each of the two parameters with the most choices.The reasoning behind all-pairs testing is this: the simplest bugs in a program are generally triggered by a single input parameter....
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Black Box Testing
2007-10-01 11:06:00
Black box is a test design method. Black box testing treats the system as a "black-box", so it doesn't explicitly use Knowledge of the internal structure. Or in other words the Test engineer need not know the internal working of the “Black box”. It focuses on the functionality part of the module.Some people like to call black box testing as behavioral, functional, opaque-box, and closed-box. While the term black box is most popularly use, many people prefer the terms "behavioral" and "structural" for black box and white box respectively. Behavioral test design is slightly different from black-box test design because the use of internal knowledge isn't strictly forbidden, but it's still discouraged. Personally we feel that there is a trade off between the approaches used to test a product using white box and black box types.There are some bugs that cannot be found using only black box or only white box. If the test cases are extensive and the test inputs are also from a la...
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White Box Testing
2007-09-30 07:28:00
What is WBT?White box testing involves looking at the structure of the code. When you know the internal structure of a product, tests can be conducted to ensure that the internal operations performed according to the specification. And all internal components have been adequately exercised. In other word WBT tends to involve the coverage of the specification in the code.Code coverage is defined in six types as listed below:Segment coverage – Each segment of code b/w control structure is executed at least once.Branch Coverage or Node Testing – Each branch in the code is taken in each possible direction at least once.Compound Condition Coverage – When there are multiple conditions, you must test not only each direction but also each possible combinations of conditions, which is usually done by using a ‘Truth Table’Basis Path Testing – Each independent path through the code is taken in a pre-determined order.Data Flow Testing (DFT) – In this approach you track the specifi...

A brief history of Software Engineering
2007-09-28 11:57:00
The software industry has evolved through 4 eras, 50’s –60’s, mid 60’s –late 70’s, mid 70’s- mid 80’s, and mid 80’s-present. Each era has its own distinctive characteristics, but over the years the software’s have increased in size and complexity. Several problems are common to almost all of the eras and are discussed below. The Software Crisis dates back to the 1960’s when the primary reasons for this situation were less than acceptable software engineering practices. In the early stages of software there was a lot of interest in computers, a lot of code written but no established standards. Then in early 70’s a lot of computer programs started failing and people lost confidence and thus an industry crisis was declared. Various reasons leading to the crisis included: - Hardware advances outpacing the ability to build software for this hardware.- The ability to build in pace with the demands.- Increasing dependency on software’s- Struggle to build reliable ...
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User Acceptance Testing
2007-09-21 07:40:00
User Accept ance Testing is a key feature of projects to implement new systems or processes. It is the formal means by which we ensure that the new system or process does actually meet the essential user requirements. Each module to be implemented will be subject to one or more User Acceptance Tests (UAT) before being ‘signed off’ as meeting user needs. The following overview answers some of the main questions that have been asked about UATs.What is a User Acceptance Test?A User Acceptance Test is:• A chance to completely test business processes and software• A scaled-down or condensed version of a system• The final UAT for each system module is the last chance to perform the above in a test SituationWhat does the User Acceptance Test cover?The scope of each User Acceptance Test will vary depending on which business process is being tested. In general however, tests will cover the following broad areas:• A number of defined test cases using quality data to validate end-to...
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Software Testing Dictionary
2007-09-19 06:36:00
Acceptance Testing Testing conducted to enable a user/customer to determine whether to accept a software product. Normally performed to validate the software meets a set of agreed acceptance criteria. Accessibility TestingVerifying a product is accessible to the people having disabilities (deaf, blind, mentally disabled etc.).Ad Hoc TestingA testing phase where the tester tries to 'break' the system by randomly trying the system's functionality. Can include negative testing as well. See also Monkey Testing.Agile TestingTesting practice for projects using agile methodologies, treating development as the customer of testing and emphasizing a test-first design paradigm. See also Test Driven Development.Automated Software Quality (ASQ)The use of software tools, such as automated testing tools, to improve software quality.Basis Path TestingA white box test case design technique that uses the algorithmic flow of the program to design tests.Basis SetThe set of tests derived using basis p...
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